Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (5), pp. 143-156, May, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Economic and sociological distinctiveness of fish workers in Western Kenya

Norbert Armbrose and  Aotunex Ihemanma

Botany Department, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 25 April, 2014

Abstract 

This paper analyzes and discusses the socio-economic characteristics of fish workers, with a focus on those based on the Kenyan shores of Lake Victoria. In particular, the paper considers the characteristics of fish workers in general and by type of fish work, beach location and income diversification strategy. Although, many characteristics of the fish workers were identified, six characteristics stood out: (1) 20% of the fish workers had secondary education, while 80% had primary or no formal education; (2) a fish worker had an average of seven dependents; (3) 98% of the fishers were males, while 83% of fish traders were females; (4) around 26% of fish workers had diversified their income; (5) 64% of the fish workers lived below the poverty line; and (6) fish workers who diversified income had lower incidence and depth of poverty. The results implied that income diversification is a potential way out of poverty among fish workers.

Key words: Fish workers, socio-economic characteristics, poverty, income diversification.

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (5), pp. 137-142, May, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Biodiversity of Fish of Betravati River in Madhya Pradesh, India with particular orientation to a sacred ghat

Raj Maddy, Mishra V. Malik and Ranjan Mansuri

Department of Aquaculture, college of Fishery Science, Assam Agricultural University,Jorhat, Assam, India. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 04 April, 2014

Abstract 

Many sacred natural sites are areas of great importance for the conservation of biodiversity. Sacred natural sites can be considered a subset of “sacred sites”, which may be defined as areas of special spiritual significance to people and communities. The wider category of sacred sites may include primarily natural areas (such as forests), but also human-built or monumental areas (such as temples). Many built or monumental sacred sites are themselves located in areas with high natural values that are often recognised by the faith concerned. IUCN focuses on areas that are primarily natural, as they link to its mission, but generally supports the cause of conserving both monumental and natural sacred sites as valuable elements of human cultures. In this regards authors have tried to identify a natural sacred site at Betwa River in Madhya Pradesh and compared the fish diversity and distribution to two non sacred sites. The sampling was carryout between 2006 - April 2007. Sixty fish species belonging to 15 families and 34 genera out of 60 species, 48 species have been recorded at a sacred ghat. A total of 5,461 individuals of fish were counted during the one study period. The most abundant family was Cyprinidae, having 3,594 individuals (65.81%) and subdominant family was Ambassidae, which accounted for 441 individuals (8.08%); rest of the families contributed in order of abundance throughout the study. The diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson and Margalef) showed higher values at S3 (a sacred ghat) sampling site as compared to other two (S1, and S2) non sacred sampling sites.

Key words: Betwa river, biotic indices, ecological status, fish diversity and sacred ghat.

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (4), pp. 132-136, April, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Fishes (raw and cooked) Fatty acid profile consumed in Bahrain

Arik Halit and Kazim Ozcan

Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.Email: [email protected]

Accepted 23 March, 2014

Abstract 

The objective of this study was to determine the fatty acid profile of raw and cooked (grilled, curried and fried) fish commonly consumed in Bahrain. Four most popular species of fish were purchased from the local market in Manama city, the capital of Bahrain. Fatty acids in raw and cooked fish were separated and quantitatively determined by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) using standard methods. The findings revealed that the predominant fatty acids in raw fish were palmitic, stearic, oleic, palmitoleic and linoleic acid (30.5 to 30.50, 3.6 to 8.8, 13.4 to 22.6, 6.7 to 14.1 and 1.3 to 2.0 mg/100 g respectively). With regard to cooking, curried and fried Pearlspotted Rabbitfish showed predominant changes in their fatty acid profiles. In the omega-3 and omega-6 families the dominant fatty acids were eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (2.9 to 6.4 mg/100 g), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (1.5 to 14.8 mg/100 g) and arachidonic acid (AA) (2.0 to 5.2 mg/100 g). There was no consistent trend in the EPA/DHA ratio in all the four species of fish. Cooking increased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), the most noticeable increase was again in Pearlspotted Rabbitfish. PUFA increased from 21.8 mg/100 g to 50.0 mg/100 g in curried and 49.5 mg/100 g in the fried variety.

Key words: Arabian Gulf, fish, cooking, fatty acid profile.

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (4), pp. 128-131, April, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research paper

Causes of feeding frequency on feeding efficiency, growth and economic feasibility of rearing African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles and fingerlings

Victor Sebastian, George Davison and Lebechi

Aquaculture Division, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 12729, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. Email:[email protected]

Accepted 16 March, 2014

Abstract 

Feeding frequency effect on growth performance, feed utilization and economic viability of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings and juveniles were studied under natural photoperiods of 12/12 h light/dark cycle using a complete random design. Triplicate group of 10 fish with an initial mean weight of 8.5 ± 0.1 g and 34.3 ± 0.1 g respectively per tank (measuring 52 x 33.5 x 21 cm). A commercial feed (COPPENS) with crude protein of 42% and ether extract 12% was fed for 8 weeks over four feeding frequencies studied (once, twice, thrice and four times). Mean weight gain, relative growth rate and the specific growth rate were all significantly different (P < 0.05) across feeding levels except at thrice and four times feeding levels. The feed conversion ratio was lowest on three times a day feeding level both for the juvenile and fingerling (0.66 and 0.73, respectively). Although net profit value, in both juvenile and fingerling group are not significantly different, the investment cost analysis and the gross profit between fish fed thrice and four times are equally not significantly (P > 0.05) different. The results of this experiment, both at the juvenile and fingerling stages indicate that fish could be fed three times a day with maximum growth and profit.

Key words: Feeding frequency, feed utilization, growth, economic viability, Clarias gariepinus.

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (3), pp. 126-127, March, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Fish muscle the finest type of energy

Manindar Kumar, Tanmay Lakshya and Raaz Viraj

Department of Zoology, Fish Biology and Fishery Sciences, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India. E. mail: [email protected]

Accepted 24 February, 2014

Abstract 

The proximate biochemical composition and seasonal variation in proteins of small indigenous fish species such as Salmostoma sardinella, Cirrinus reba, Garra mullya, Rasbora daniconius and Puntinus conchonius were analyzed. The proximate composition was found to vary among the species. Protein was estimated in S. sardinella (25.64%), C. reba (24.19 %), G. mullya (28.69%), R. daniconius (32.79%) and P. conchonius (27.10%). The present findings revealed that the highest protein content was recorded in R. daniconius fish. The results indicate that R. daniconius shows more protein content as compared to the other fishes. These results showed that in all these fishes, a good quantity of protein is present just like the commercial fishes, so they can be safely used in food to supplement protein. It also indicates that the proximate composition of fish depends on season and also to a great extent on reaction to size, age, sex, reproducing cycle, breeding season and region of catch.

Key words: Protein, indigenous fish species, sex variation.

Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Vol. 2 (3), pp. 120-125, March, 2014. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Weighty metal, microbial profile and proximate of some preferred commercial marine fish collected from two markets in south western Nigeria

Ameachi Chinedu, chika I. K and Nathaniel Oboroh

African Regional Aquaculture Centre/Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B 5122, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 11 February, 2014

Abstract 

The study on the elemental, proximate and microbial composition of fresh samples of Scomber scombrus, Gadus macrocephalus, Saclina pilchradus and Jack mackerel was determined to gain the knowledge of the risk and benefits associated with indiscriminate consumption of marine fishes. Wet digestion was done for the samples and was analyzed for minerals, heavy metals and microorganisms. The species examined contained appreciable concentrations of moisture, protein, lipids and ash content suggesting that the fish species could be used as a good source of minerals. Heavy metals analyzed were above tolerable limits; therefore, it can be suggested that taste, size, freshness and other related external appearances should not be the only factor to be considered in making choice for marketing and consumption of marine and freshwater fishes in Nigeria.

Key words: Scomber scombrus, Gadus macrocephalus, Saclina pilchradus, Jack mackerel, elemental, proximate, microbial, heavy metals.