African Journal of Parasitology Research

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-007, August, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of microbial fertilizer on microbial activity and microbial community diversity in the rhizosphere of wheat growing on the Loess Plateau

Chen Shengnan¹, Gu Jie^1,2* Gao Hua² and Qin Qingjun¹

¹College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, P. R. China.

²Shaanxi Engineering and Technology Research Center of Circulative Agricultural, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, P. R. China.

Accepted 22 May, 2021

Abstract

In this study, the effects of microbial fertilizer on microbial activity and microbial community diversity in the rhizosphere of wheat were investigated in the field conditions. Dehydrogenase activity was measured, bacterial and fungal communities were characterized by BIOLOG analysis. Soil suspensions were applied to BIOLOG ECO and FF plates and average well-color development (AWCD) and richness were calculated. The results showed that significant differences were observed in dehydrogenase activity among the tested soils, arranging from 26.14 ± 3.30 to 48.13 ± 17.39 TF/g 24h. For ECO plate, AWCD of MI (0.77 ± 0.05) was higher than that of other treatments, whereas the AWCD for control (0.56 ± 0.03) was consistently the lowest (F=8.72, p=0.0067). Meanwhile, there is a significantly difference between EP (0.16 ± 0.03) and EP+MI (0.11 ± 0.03) treatments in fungal community. Richness index followed the order for ECO plate: MI > EP > EP+MI > Control, and also order for FF plate as: EP>MI=Control>EP+MI. Principal component analyses (PCA) of BIOLOG data further revealed large difference in microbial diversity (metabolic diversity) from treatments soils. The data gathered from this study can provide complementary information for agricultural projects on the Loess Plateau, Northwestern China.

Key words: BIOLOG, bacterial and fungal communities, microbial fertilizer, microbial activity, wheat.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Key word: Aedes, dengue, flavivirus, infection, liver.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Beneficial effect of eight trigrams boxing exercise on cardiac function and blood indexes of old practitioners

Jiang Juan¹, Cui Yong-sheng²* and Niu Ai-jun³

¹Faculty of martial arts routine, ShenYang Sport University, ShenYang, 110102, PR China.

²Health Qigong Administration Center of State Sport General Administration of China, Beijing, 100061, PR China.

³Wushu Department, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, PR China.

Accepted 17 March, 2021

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the eight trigrams boxing on cardiac function and blood indexes of old practitioners. Subjects, aged 50 years or over, were recruited from a local community. Forty-six participants joined the eight trigrams boxing exercise class five to seven times a week for 1 to 2 h each day for 5 months. Cardiac and blood indexes were measured at the end of each month. Results showed that Participants experienced significant improvements in Cardiac and blood indexes. It could be concluded that elderly people should be encouraged to exercise using eight trigrams boxing for maintaining physical function and improving quality of life.

Key words: Eight trigrams boxing, cardiac and blood indexes, Qigong.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-007, May, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Bacillus mucilaginosus can capture atmospheric CO₂ by carbonic anhydrase

Zhicai Zhang^1,2, Bin Lian¹*, Weiguo Hou¹, Mingxia Chen², Xin Li² and Yan Li³

¹State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P. R. China.

²School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.

³School of Foreign Language, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.

Accepted 09 January, 2021

Abstract

The study mainly demonstrated whether Bacillus mucilaginosus can use atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) through the bacteria excreted carbonic anhydrase (CA) capturing atmospheric CO₂. It had been proved that CA could reversibly catalyze hydration of CO₂. When the bacteria was cultured in the medium containing limestone, Ca²⁺ concentration and CA activities simultaneously increased with the amount of limestone increasing in the medium. Analysis for the bacterial growth kinetics demonstrated Ca²⁺ concentration increased, CA activities enhanced and pH value of broth rose and residual glycerol concentration decreased with prolonging fermentation time. Ca²⁺ concentration of bacterial broth gradually increased with the increasing of amount CA supply and time extension when the bacteria were cultured in the Alexandrov medium containing limestone, in which CA synthesized was extremely low when limestone dissolved into water, CA could elevate Ca²⁺ concentration and pH value, and the bacteria might further elevated the Ca²⁺ concentration and pH value. Therefore, it is suggested that B. mucilaginosus can first capture atmospheric CO₂ by CA, then fix atmospheric CO₂ by bacteria metabolism, which complements the content of biology and provide a new strategy for CO₂ sequestration from the air.

Key words: Bacillus mucilaginosus, carbonic anhydraseequilibrium point, CO₂ utilization, catalyze.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (4), pp. 001-003, April, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of five industrial pollutants on mycorrhizal colonization, nodulation and growth of Acacia nilotica and Leucaena leucocephala

Pavan Kumar Pindi

Department of Microbiology, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar – 509001, Andhra Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 09 February, 2021

Abstract 

An attempt was made to investigate the effect of different polluted soils on the mycorrhizal association, nodulation and subsequent growth of Acacia melanoxylon and Leucaena leucocephala tree species. Five industrial pollutant affected soils viz., Organic chemicals, pesticide, detergent, paper and neem seed oil cake were employed in this study and Palamuru University Campus soil used as a control. Among the five types of effluents, Adarsha Paper Industries and Vidyadhari neem extract effluents exerted less negative effect. Corey organics and Rhyme organics factory effluents have shown maximum inhibitory effect, K. K. Detergent factory effluents exerted moderate inhibitory effect. Both agro forestry tree species were shown similar response towards AM colonization, nodulation and growth against five industrial effluents.

Key words: Mycorrhizae, pollutants, Acacia and Leucaena.

African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (3), pp. 001-006, March, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Isolation and identification of aerobic, septicemic bacteria from cattle in and around Sebeta town and antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Midekssa Demissie

College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 08 February, 2021

Abstract

Septicemia is one of the infectious diseases which have zoonotic and economic importance all over the world. Therefore, this study isolated and identified some of the aerobic, septicemic bacteria and then antimicrobial susceptibility test was done in the period November 2006 to May 2007 on 830 sick cattle of different age groups, which were brought to Sebeta veterinary clinic from Sebeta and its surrounding of parts Ethiopia. From these cattle, only 70 cattle found with sign of septicemia. Accordingly, the study was carried out on these 70 Septicemic cattle with objectives of isolation and identification of septicemic, aerobic bacteria and establishing of antimicrobial susceptibility test. Hence, from the study animals, whole blood samples were collected aseptically from jugular vein for bacteria culture. As a result, out of 70 blood samples, 42 (60%) cultures were found with aerobic gram positive and negative bacteria, which consists 28 (66.67%) gram positive and 14 (33.33%) gram negative bacteria. The isolated bacterial species were Staphylococcus aureus 5 (11.9%), other Staphylococcus species 14 (33.33%), Streptococcus species 2 (4.8%), Listeria monocytogenes 3 (7.1%), other Listeria species 2 (4.8%), B. anthracis 2 (4.8%), Escherichia coli 4 (9.5%), Pasteurella multocida 9 (21.4%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 (2.4%). On the other hand, the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that all bacterial isolates were susceptible to Novobiocin and Chloraphenenicol except P. aeruginosa. Generally, the bacterial isolates revealed various degree of susceptibility against gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, methicillin, polymixin B, oxytetracycline, penicillin G and ampicillin. Conversely, from all isolates, Ps. aeruginosa showed highest resistance to all antimicrobials except to gentamicin. Also almost all bacterial isolates were resistant to bacitracin. Of course, further study is required to elucidate the true nature of septicemic agents and rational use of antimicrobial therapy.

Key words: Septicemia, infectious diseases, and antimicrobial susceptibility test.