ISSN 2756-3391
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Carvacrol and thymol components inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence and biofilm formation
El abed Soumya1,2, Ibnsouda koraichi Saad1,2*, Latrache Hassan3, Zineb Ghizlane1, Mouradi Hind1 and Remmal Adnane4
1Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Fès- Saïs, Morocco.
2Centre Universitaire Régional d’Interface, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah –Fès, Morocco.
3Laboratoire de Valorisation et de Sécurité des Produits Agroalimentaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de BéniMellal, Morocco.
4Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mehraz –Fès, Morocco.
Accepted 22 November, 2020
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high propensity to develop biofilms that are resistant to exogenous deleterious agents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether carvacrol and thymol can interfere with adherence phenomena as well as acting on biofilm formation. Tests of P. aeruginosa strains showed that carvacrol and thymol interferes with the starting phases of adherence as well as with P. aeruginosa biofilms. Carvacrol and thymol (2MIC) inhibition was 97±8.5 and 89±6.3% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and 72±4.6 and 69±6.8% for P. aeruginosa (CIP A22) adherence respectively. Carvacrol (2MIC) inhibition exceeds 90% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and P. aeruginosa (IL5) biofilm. Thymol (2MIC) inhibition is 86±2.1, 54±5.9 and 70±4.3% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) P. aeruginosa (CIP A22), P. aeruginosa (IL5), respectively.
Key words: Biofilm, adherence, carvacrol, thymol, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Zineb Ghizlane, El abed Soumya, Ibnsouda koraichi Saad*, Latrache Hassan, Mouradi Hind and Remmal Adnane
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Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-015, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Investigation into the microbial contamination in a spring water distribution system, Western Cape, South Africa
Latiefa Behardien1, Arnelia Paulse2, Vanessa Jackson2, Sehaam Khan2 and Wesaal Khan3*
1Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences,
Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
3Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
Accepted 15 October, 2020
Abstract
The microbial contamination in a spring water distribution system in the Western Cape, South Africa was investigated. Sampling at various points from the spring and throughout the bottling system started in February and continued until November 2004. The number of culturable cells was determined using the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) and total microbial counts were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis (FCM). Heterotrophic plate counts in the final bottled water ranged from 1.34 x 108 cfu/ml (week 1) to 5 x 104 cfu/ml (week 46). In comparison, the total cell counts (FCM) ranged from 2.09 x 108 microorganisms/ml (week 1) to 5.70 x 107 microorganisms/ml (week 46).The higher FCM counts indicated that the flow cytometry technique was able to detect viable but non-culturable organisms in the water and was thus more reliable for the routine quantitative enumeration of microbial populations in water samples. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) of the bacterial species present was amplified with PCR and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the neighbour-joining algorithm. The sequenced isolates from the various water samples belonged to the major groups Bacillus sp, and Enterobacteriaceae and included Shigella boydii, Serratia sp., Enterobacter asburiae and Pseudomonas sp.
Key words: Bacterial contamination, flow cytometry, heterotrophic plate count, molecular typing, spring water distribution system.
Arnelia Paulse, Vanessa Jackson, Latiefa Behardien, Sehaam Khan and Wesaal Khan*
Page: 1 - 15
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Detection and characterization of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing (ESBLS) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in teaching hospital
Zahra Tavajjohi1, Rezvan Moniri2* and Ahmad Khorshidi2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
2Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Accepted 10 November, 2020
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen causing nosocomial infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBLs) producing and multidrug resistance of hospital isolates of P. aeruginosa and to determine the presence of several resistance genes. A total of 86 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from teaching hospital in Kashan, Iran. Susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents was performed by disk diffusion method. ESBL-phenotypic detection was carried out by double-disk synergy test; and the presence of the genes encoding of bla(TEM), bla(SHV), bla(CTX-M), bla(OXA) and bla(GES)-like genes was studied by polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of ESBLs was 8.1%. The presence of genes encoding ESBLs was confirmed in seven isolates, comprising seven bla(GES-2), one bla(SHV-1), one bla(SHV-5) and one bla(CTX-M-1) genes. P. aeruginosa demonstrated the highest resistance rate to piperacillin (38.4%), 67.5% of isolates were sensitive to imipenem whereas 32.5% were MDR (resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics). A multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype occurred frequently in P. aeruginosa. bla(GES-2), which compromises the efficacy of imipenem detected in all of seven ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa strains. Proper infection control practices and barriers are essential to prevent spreading and outbreaks of ESBL-producing and MDR P. aeruginosa in our teaching hospital.
Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase, multidrug-resistant.
Zahra Tavajjohi, Rezvan Moniri* and Ahmad Khorshidi
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-003, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Chitinase produced by Serratia marcescens SMG isolated from decomposed Volvariella volvacea
Manoja Das
Department of Biotechnology, Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Gunupur-765022, Orissa, India.
E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 06857-250172 or +91-9437771065. Fax: 06857-250232.
Accepted 15 September, 2020
Abstract
Serratia marcescens strain was isolated at the laboratory from decomposed stalk of paddy straw mushroom ( Volvariella volvacea) by using swollen chitin as a source of carbon. Morphological and biochemical characteristics of the bacterium were studied. The bacterium showed exponential growth up to 18 h after inoculation in batch culture. The maximum enzyme production by the bacterium was analyzed at 92 h of inoculation at 30°C. Similarly, with respect to different concentration of chitin, the minimal medium supplemented with 1.75% of swollen chitin produced maximum amount of chitinase enzyme. Therefore, the present study showed that isolated bacterium is a good source of chitinase. Moreover, though the bacterium was grown at the cheaper medium, the enzyme can be used for biodegradation of chitinous wastes as well as biological control of fungal pathogen at cheaper cost.
Key words: Chitin, chitinase, swollen chitin, Serratia marcescens.
Manoja Das
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Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The relationship and diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity- reactive protein (hsCRP) for myocardial infarction
H. Honarmand1*, E. Mirzajani2, M. Rahbar-Taromsari3, F. Saadat4, F. Mirblock5 and F. Mashayekhi6
1Department of Microbiology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
2Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
3Department of Legal Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran.
4Department of Immunology Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences,Rasht, Iran.
5Department of Cardiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Heshmat Hospital, Rasht, Iran.
6Department of Biology, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran.
Accepted 13 October, 2020
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of myocardial infarction (MI) and inflammation is considered as a main cause of atherosclerosis. Inflammatory indicators such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are considered as a diagnostic marker for MI in recent years. We studied the relationship between seropositivity to CRP and high-sensitivity- reactive protein (hsCRP) with MI and compared their relationship and diagnostic values. All sera of patients and control cases were examined by a commercial quantitative ELISA kit for measuring hsCRP and by a non-quantitative latex agglutination kit for detecting CRP, simultaneously. Results were analyzed by chi -square statistic test in SPSS software version 16. About 62.0% of patients were positive for CRP and 100% positive for hsCRP but in control group, seropositivity rate was 6.6% for CRP and 52.6% for hsCRP. Mean titer of hsCRP in patients was 23.2 but 6.3 mg/l in control group. We found significant relationship between CRP and MI (P=0.004) and with hsCRP with MI (P=0.002). hsCRP and CRP have significant relationship to MI as diagnostic indicators and hsCRP is more sensitive than CRP but regarding to their false positive and negative values, and for decreasing their accuracy, it is recommended to perform both simultaneously.
Key words: C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitivity- reactive protein (hsCRP), myocardial infarction.
M. Rahbar-Taromsari, H. Honarmand* , E. Mirzajani, F. Saadat, F. Mirblock and F. Mashayekhi
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Research Article
African Journal of Parasitology Research ISSN 2756-3391 Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-008, December, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antibiotic resistance profile of staphylococci from clinical sources recovered from infants
Ako-Nai AK1*, Adeyemi FM2, Aboderin OA3, Kassim OO4,
1Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
2Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
3Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
4Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington D. C., U.S.A.
Accepted 13 May, 2020
Abstract
Infants, children and the aged are among the groups most vulnerable to microbial infections more so when these microbial agents become resistant to antimicrobials. The antibiotic resistant profile of Staphylococcus aureus and selected coagulase negative staphylococci were determined by standard methods. Of the 178 staphylococcal isolates evaluated, 122 were S. aureus and the rest coagulase negative staphylococci. 68% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 69.8% to cloxacillin, 51% to augmentin and 71% to tetracycline. However, only 2.6% of the 116 S aureus isolates tested were resistant to gentamycin making the drug a reliable therapeutic agent in the event of failure of other antimicrobials in treating staphylococcal infections at least in this community. Resistance to the penicillin drugs was mediated by the elaboration of b -lactamase by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic staphylococci. The study shows a high rate of cloxacillin resistance and possibly the existence of methicillin resistance among these strains. 80% of the S aureus strains were multi-resistant with 25% of these resistant to three different antibiotics, 21% to 4 and 6.8% to 6 different drugs. Only 1.2% of these S aureus strains were resistant to 7 different antimicrobials underscoring the need to reduce the high incidence of multi-resistance in this community in the event of an epidemic caused by these strains. The study reveals prevalence of multi-resistance among both pathogenic and non- pathogenic staphylococci in the community.
Key words: Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotics, multi-resistance.
Kassim OO, Adeyemi FM and Aboderin OA3, Ako-Nai AK*
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