African Journal of Dentistry

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216Vol. 7 (7), pp. 001-004, July, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Oral pyogenic granuloma with mandible involvement: An unusual presentation

Mubeen K., Vijayalakshmi K. R. and Abhishek R. P.*

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore - Affliated to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, India.

Accepted 16 April, 2019

Abstract

Pyogenic granulomas are relatively common benign mucocutaneous lesions. These are typically solitary and vascular. They may be found in the oral cavity or extraorally. Extraorally common sites are the skin of face and neck, upper and lower extremities and mucous membrane of nose and eyelids. Lesions occurring in the oral cavity are most commonly found in the anterior segment over the gingiva followed by lips, tongue and buccal mucosa. Pyogenic granuloma commonly occurs during pregnancy which requires meticulously planned management. We present a case of pyogenic granuloma in a 63-year old patient with a large size (5 ×3.5 cm) in the mandible.

Key words: Oral pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, periodontal ligament.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Analysis of predictors of root resorption in orthodontic treatment

Oliveira, Antônio Geraldo de¹*, Consolaro, Alberto², Junqueira, José Luiz Cintra¹ Martins-Ortiz, Maria Fernanda³ and Franzolin, Solange de Oliveira Braga³

¹São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.

²University of São Paulo, Bauru and Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

³University of Sagrado Coração, SP, Brazil.

Accepted 14 April, 2019

Abstract

To study predictors of root resorption in orthodontic treatment from 407 records, 377 pre- and post-treatment periapical radiographs of permanent maxillary central incisors of 199 patients treated with fixed appliances were divided according to overjet, overbite, age, gender and endodontic treatment. Changes in root length between the onset and completion of orthodontic treatment were measured in digitized images and statistically compared using student t, one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. There was no correlation between increased overjet, overbite and root resorption or with anterior open bite (0.924 and 0.5772). Root resorption was significantly lower in children younger than 10 years when compared to adults (P = 0.0017) and even lower in adolescents when compared to adults (P = 0.0003). There was higher prevalence of root resorption in males simultaneously with higher number of pipette-shaped and dilacerated apical root morphology (P = 0.034). Endodontically treated teeth were not more susceptible to root resorption (P = 0.208). Increased overjet and overbite did not present positive relation with root resorption. There was no difference in root resorption between vital and endodontically treated teeth. Age and gender presented positive relation with root resorption. Susceptibility to root resorption during orthodontic treatment may be related to apical morphology.

Key words: Root resorption, orthodontic treatment, tooth movement.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The acidity of some selected soft drinks on the Ghanaian market

N. Quartey-Papafio^{1, 2}, M. Odoom¹, J. Sackeyfio^{1, 3} and D.Tormeti^{1, 3}

¹School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana.

²Biomaterials Science Department, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana.

³Community and Preventive Dentistry Department, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana.

Accepted 26 April, 2019

Abstract

Dental erosion is one of the various factors which affect oral health. Acids present in food and beverages are part of the major aetiological factors responsible for the erosive lesions of dental enamel. Frequent and excessive drinking of acidic soft drinks or beverages can subsequently be deleterious to teeth. The purpose of the study was to determine the acidity (pH) of some commercially available soft drinks on the Ghanaian market at room and refrigerated temperatures. The study was a cross sectional study. Thirty soft drinks were randomly selected after a market survey and categorized according to the type of drink (19 fizzy drinks, 7 fruit drinks, 2 energy drinks and 2 malts drinks). The pH values of samples of the soft drinks were measured (n=3) before refrigeration and after refrigeration at 25 °C and 4 °C respectively using a Horiba NAVI F52 pH meter at Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research. The data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) from Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The pH values of the soft drinks obtained from the study were all lower than the critical pH value (5.5) for enamel demineralization. The pH values recorded at room temperature ranged from 2.488 to 4.674.  At refrigerated temperature of 4°C, the pH values ranged from 2.604 to 4.941. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the pH values of the soft drinks when the values before refrigeration and after refrigeration were compared. The pH of the soft drinks studied all indicated erosive potential to dentition because of their acidic nature.

Keywords: pH, soft drinks, acidity, demineralization, dental erosion, erosive potential.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-012, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) agents: Review and clinical application in primary teeth

M. Ganesh and Dhaval Parikh*

Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Ahmedabad Dental College and Hospital, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.

Accepted 08 April, 2019

Abstract

Chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) is a non-invasive technique eliminating infected dentine via a chemical agent. This is a method of caries removal based on dissolution. Instead of drilling, this method uses a chemical agent assisted by an atraumatic mechanical force to remove soft carious structure. It was introduced to dentistry as an alternative method of caries removal and is mainly indicated to overcome the inconvenience of using burs and local anesthesia, causing less discomfort to patients and preserving healthy dental structure, there by complying the concept of the minimal invasive dentistry (MID). Various agents with their methods have been used in the past for CMCR, but only a few have got into a stable clinical practice. Among them we have the Carisolv, which is the most successful and commonly used agent while Papacarie gives the promising result as CMCR agent of the future. Carisolv came into use at the end of 20^th century. It consists of two component mixtures (mainly amino acid and hypochlorite), forming an active gel. Papacarie is an emerging CMCR agent of the 21^st century. Papacarie is composed basically of papain, chloramines and toluidine blue. Papain interacts with exposed collagen by the dissolution of dentine minerals through bacteria, making the infected dentine softer, and allowing its removal with non cutting instruments without local anesthesia and burs. This paper attempts to look into this method in detail with various agents of CMCR and also present case reports regarding the two most commonly used agents.

Key words: Chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR), carisolv, papacarie, infected dentine.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Using electric current during dentin bonding agent application and its effect on microleakage under simulated pulpal pressure conditions

Naghmeh Gharizadeh*, Azita Kaviani and Samaneh Nik

Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.

Accepted 21 February, 2019

Abstract

The use of electric current during application of etch-and-rinse adhesive systems has been recently introduced to decrease microleakage. This study investigated the effects of an electric field produced by an experimental device for the application of a two- step etch -and -rinse adhesive on moist dentin surface. Sixty freshly extracted human premolars were used for this study. In order to simulate real conditions, the pulpal pressure was set to 35 cm H₂O for all the specimens. The teeth were divided into two groups: Group N1: Etch-and-rinse system (Single bond) applied with electric current, and group 2: Etch-and-rinse system (Single bond) applied without electric current Specimens were prepared for dye penetration test. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results showed that group 1 demonstrated the least microleakage scores compared to group 2. As a result of these findings, it could be concluded that using electric current for applying adhesive systems had a statistically significant effect on reducing microleakage.

Key words: Dental bonding systems, electric current, micrileakage.