African Journal of Dentistry

Full Length Research Paper 

A study of oral strains of Lactobacillus from Mexican and French children

Cabanis Arras¹, Danton Yohan¹ and Anne Jean²

¹Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Paris, Paris, France.

²Department of Oral Implantology, American University of Paris, Paris, Île-de-France, France.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 22 January, 2018

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to identify oral strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and L. acidophilus by PCR species-specific and other Lactobacilli by a biochemical test (API 50CH) from Mexican and French children with and without dental decay and to compare them using a RAPD-PCR analysis. Saliva samples were collected from Mexican and French children who were 6 to 12 years old. Children were either caries free or harboring carious lesions. Microorganisms were cultured in MRS media and Lactobacilli (L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus) were identified by PCR species-specific. Other Lactobacilli strains were identified by a biochemical test (API 50CH). All Lactobacilli strains isolated in this study were compared using a molecular biology technique (RAPD-PCR). One hundred and sixty-three strains were isolated. The predominant species in French children with caries was L. rhamnosus, while L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus and L. brevis were prevalent among the Mexican children. In children without caries, L. acidophilus was the predominant species identified among the Mexican population, whereas no Lactobacilli species were isolated from French children without caries. The RAPD -PCR results showed the same patterns of amplification between the type strain L. rhamnosus ATCC 9595 and wild strains isolated in this study, meanwhile L. acidophilus showed differences in the pattern of bands between the L. acidophilus ATCC 4656 strain and the wild strains isolated from the saliva of children with and without caries. Similar results were found with the API 50CH test. Even though this study does not investigate it, our results suggest that L. rhamnosus could be involved in both French and Mexican populations as a potential cariogenic agent.

Key words: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, PCR.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 6 (5), pp. 163-170, July, 2018. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The effect of local application of hyaluronan gel as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients

Basheer Omer¹, Asim Satti², Bakri Gismalla¹ and Nada Hashim¹

¹Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

²Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan.

Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 29 May, 2018

Abstract

Background: Chronic Periodontitis is a common disease which might lead to tooth loss if it is not treated. Non-surgical mechanical therapy is the cornerstone of periodontal treatment. Increasing pocket depth and complicating anatomical factors limit the effectiveness of scaling and root planing (SRP) thereby compromising the results. Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a recent addition to the local chemotherapeutic agents used in oral diseases. HA has shown good results in patients with chronic gingivitis and it has been used as a scaffold in periodontal tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adjunctive effect of local application of HA gel following scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients. Method:This is a randomized split mouth clinical trial where a total of 33 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were enrolled. All patients received full mouth SRP and pockets more than 4 mm were selected for HA application. The selected sites were randomly divided into Group A (experimental group) and Group B (control group). For the experimental sites 1 ml of 0.2% hyaluronic acid was applied. Periodontal parameters (PI, GI, PPD, CAL) were recorded at baseline and 6 weeks postoperatively. Results: There was a significant decrease in the mean PDD and mean CAL values from baseline to 6th week in test group (P = 0.001) however no significant difference was observed in mean PPD and CAL among control group (p=0.292, 0.06) respectively. Conclusion: The adjunctive application of HA may have positive effects on probing depth reduction and attachment gain. 

Key words: Chronic periodontitis, Non-surgical periodontal therapy, Hyaluronic acid. 

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 6 (4), pp. 155-162, April, 2018. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Corrosion behaviour of metals in artificial saliva in presence of spirulina powder

Jay Aman¹, Arun Agarwal² and Gavai Singh²

¹Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Andhra Pradesh, India

²Department of Periodontology, Gauhati University, Assam, India.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 11 February, 2018

Abstract 

Corrosion resistance of three metals namely, SS 316L, mild steel (MS) and mild steel coated with zinc (MS-Zn) has been evaluated in artificial saliva in the absence and presence of spirulina. Potentiodynamic polarization study and AC impedance spectra have been used to investigate the corrosion behaviour of these metals. The order of corrosion resistance of metals in artificial saliva, in the absence and also in the presence of spirulina was SS 316L > MS > MS-Zn.

Key words: Artificial saliva, corrosion, metals, spirulina, dentistry, oral hygiene.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 6 (1), pp. 121-130, January, 2018. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of the survival rate of implants placed in SFA consisting of DBBM + autogenous bone with and without MSCs

*Rasmussen Torben and Lund Egon

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 15 October, 2015

Abstract

To compare the changes in graft height in patients after sinus floor augmentation (SFA) with and without mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to evaluate the survival rate of implants placed after SFA. Material and methods: Twenty patients were randomised into two groups. The test group patients had a bone biopsy taken from the tuberosity region from which bone cells were cultured. All patients had a SFA with a composite bone graft (BioOss^®/autogenous bone). The patients in the test group had the cultured cells added. Two implants were placed in the augmented area four months later and the augmentation height at the distal side of the implants was evaluated from panoramic radiographs at the time of implant placement (T1) and after a minimum of 2.5 years (T2). The implant survival was evaluated. Due to insufficient bone quality one implant could not be placed 4 months after SFA, two implants disintegrated after prosthetic treatment and two implants in one patient were unaccounted for since the patient failed to show up – all in the MSC group. A statistically significant reduction in augmentation height of 1.27 ± 0.23 mm and 1.88 ± 0.37 mm in the MSC and non-MSC group was found after a minimum of 2.5 years, respectively (p<0.01). No overall difference between the two groups was found (p=0.18), however significantly less reduction in augmentation height was found in the most anterior implant position in the MSC group compared to the non-MSC group (p<0.05). Adding MSCs to SFA did not improve implant survival after a minimum of 2.5 years. A reduction in augmentation height of 10-13 % was found. The anterior augmentation height was more stabile when MSCs were added to the bone graft.

Keywords: Cultured cells, mesenchymal stem cells, dental implant, sinus floor augmentation, randomised clinical trial, radiographic evaluation.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 6 (2), pp. 142-147, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Pattern of paediatric oral health presentations in Ghana: A year’s retrospective study of a hospital-based clinic

¹Amoah G.K, ²Blankson PK, ¹Thadani M, ¹Newman-Nartey M, ¹Appiah-BolfreyD, ¹Ayim S.O, ¹Aikins G and ¹Pobee R

¹Department of Orthodontics & Paedodontics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana.

²Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana.

Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 30 October, 2017

Abstract

Oral diseases have a significant impact on individuals and communities. There is however minimal description of the problem among children in Ghana. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of oral health presentations and primary treatment needs, and to ascertain the average direct cost of therapy per visit. A year’s retrospective review (January 2016 to December 2016) was conducted, of patients attending the paediatric dental clinic of the school of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana. Information, including demographic features, presenting complaints and teeth treated were obtained with a computerized questionnaire. The data were analyzed, and a descriptive report generated. 1322 participants’ records were used in the study. Of these, 684 (51.7%) were males, with 638 (48.3%) being females. The ages ranged from 10 days to 16 years with a mean age of 8.4 years. Dental caries with its sequelae and periodontal disease were the most frequent findings on presentation. Dentoalveolar abscess and trauma formed 7.1% and 6.7% respectively of presenting findings. The average direct cost of treatment per visit was found to be GHS 75.50 (US$ 16.40). There seems to be an unmet need for oral healthcare among children in Ghana.

Keywords: Oral health, paediatric, healthcare, cost, Ghana.