African Journal of Dentistry

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Medial and lateral canthal distances in unrepaired cleft lip and palate Nigerians

Umweni, A. A.

Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 14 April, 2019

Abstract

Medial canthal distance (MCD) (inner canthal distance) refers to the distance between the two medial canthal of the eyes, while lateral canthal distance (LCD) (outer canthal distance) is the distance between the two laterals canthal of the eye. Accurate measurements of these distances are necessary for the diagnosis of true ocular hypertelorism and a guide in both reconstructive surgery and orthodontic treatment. The study was carried out on unrepaired cleft lip and palate (CLAP) patients, who presented for surgical repair at NOMA children hospital Sokoto, Nigeria before surgery. Results of the measurements were compared with previously documented normal values in the Nigerian population of the same age group. The result of the study shows that medial and LCDs in CLAP patients was higher than normal population (P < 0.01). When comparing type of clefts, MCD was highest in unilateral cleft lip. Medial and lateral distances in isolated cleft palate were comparable to normal values which are in agreement with previous studies. Although medial and lateral canthal measurements are less accurate than inter – orbital measurements which are from radiograph and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), however they are simple to use for standard clinical workups. This study suggests a tendency to true ocular hypertelorism in CLAP patients and not isolated cleft palate which is relevant in the surgical and orthodontic management of these patients.

Key words: Canthal distances, cleft lip, palate.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Oral cleft research: Intraobserver agreement in the use of questionnaires

Fábio Augusto de Santi Alvarenga¹, Ana Lúcia Colabone de Castro Monteiro², José Alberto de Souza Freitas³, Antonio L. Rodrigues Jr.⁴, Peter A. Mossey⁵, Camila Pinelli⁶ and Leonor de Castro Monteiro Loffredo⁶*

¹Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, UNESP, Brazil.

²Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil.

³Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Bauru, USP, Brazil.

⁴Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Brazil.

⁵Department of Orthodontics, Dundee Dental School, Dundee, Scotland.

⁶Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, UNESP, Brazil.

Accepted 18 May, 2019

Abstract

In epidemiological studies, when the data is collected by interview, it is of importance to analyse the reliability of the information. This study was carried out with the purpose of examining the self-agreement of mothers in answering questions about variables of interest in oral cleft researches on two different occasions. A sample of 91 mothers of oral cleft babies were interviewed on two different occasions. The capacity of giving the same answer to questions related to heredity, type of clefts, period of gestation of the mother and birthweight were studied. The statistics type kappa (k) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ρ) by point and by 95% of confidence interval were applied. The intra-observer agreement for the variables history of oral clefts in the family, type of cleft, period of gestation of the mother and birthweight of the newborn was, respectively, κ=0.9492, κ=1.0000, κ=0.9281 and ρ=0.9996. We concluded that the background on oral cleft in the family history of patients with this anomaly is a variable with an excellent degree of reliability. Also, the information given by the mothers related to the period of gestation, type of the baby’s cleft and birthweight are reliable.

Key words: Oral clefts, cleft lip, cleft palate, registry, reproducibility.

African Journal of Dentistry ISSN 3216-0216 Vol. 7 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Beningn pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland of palate

¹Mubeen K., Vijayalakshmi K. R.¹_, Abhishek Ranjan Pati^{1, 2}*, Girish B. Giraddi³ and Chandravir Singh³

¹Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Research institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

²Department of oral Medicine and Radiology, Victoria Hospital Complex, Fort, Bangalore-560002, Karnataka, India.

³Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Research institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Accepted 21 April, 2019

Abstract

Pleomorphic adenoma can be defined as a benign mixed tumor composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells arranged with various morphological patterns, demarcated from surrounding tissues by fibrous capsule. It is one of the salivary gland tumors affecting both major and minor salivary glands. Parotid gland is the most commonly affected of the major group, and palate is the most common site intraorally. We report a case of palatal pleomorphic adenoma in a 35 year-old adult from South India. He came to Government Dental College with the chief complaint of a swelling at the left side of the palate. The oral mucosa covering the lesion was intact. CT scans revealed areas of bony destruction. Incisional biopsy was performed on this patient. The biopsy showed several ducts which were lined by cuboidal cells. These ducts were surrounded by myoepithelial cells, some of which had the plasmacytoid appearance. The patient was treated by wide local excision followed by placement of obturator and follow up was done for 1 year and no recurrence was observed till date.