International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0404 Vol. 3 (6), pp. 024-025, December, 2013. © International Scholars Journals

Case Reports

Contusion of the abdomen by the shaft of an animal-drawn charette in rural areas: The value of ultrasound in the care.

BADIANE  S.M.¹, DIA  A.A.²,  MANYAKA  P.¹, MBODJ  M.²  and  NDOYE  O.³

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, University Gaston Berger of Saint-Louis, Po Box 234 Saint-Louis, Senegal.

²Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Thies, Po Box: 22254 Dakar-Ponty, Senegal.
³Faculty of Medicine Pharmaceutics and Odonto-Stomatology, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Po Box: 22254 Dakar-Ponty Senegal.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 02 November, 2013

Abstract

Contusions of the abdomen by the shaft of an animal-drawn charette are rare, have banal looks but are potentially serious. In our context of practice, ultrasonography is the most accessible imaging modality, hence the interest to get the maximum of information. This study reports two (02) cases of contusion of the abdomen by the shaft of a horse-drawn charette. For these two cases in the absence of scanner, the ultrasound coupled with the clinical data allowed to notice a rupture of hollow organ, confirmed with laparotomy. These cases should draw the attention of practitioners located in rural areas on this type of contusion of the abdomen which constitutes a real emergency. In addition, in our context of practice a strict clinical examination and a thorough ultrasonography are crucial in the care that must be multidisciplinary.

Key words: Contusion of the abdomen, shaft of charette, Circular bruise, ultrasonography, hemoperitoneum, rupture of hollow organs.

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0404 Vol. 3 (6), pp. 012-023, December, 2013.© International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The role of vital exhaustion in cardiovascular risk in open population of 25–64-year-old men in Russia/Siberia (WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program)

Valery Gafarov,^1,2 Mikhail Voevoda,^2,3 Elena Gromova,^1,2 Vladimir Maksimov,^2,3

Igor Gagulin,^1,2 Nikolai Yudin,3 Almira Gafarova,^1,2 and Tatiana Mishakova³

¹Federal State Budgetary Institution the Research Institute of Internal Medicine of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.

²The Interdepartmental Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.

³Cytology and Genetics Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.

*Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected]

Accepted 22 September, 2013

Abstract

Objective of the study was to elucidate prevalence rates of vital exhaustion (VE), its effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks, and genetic traits in open population of 25–64-year-old men in Russia/Siberia (Novosibirsk). Random representative sample of 25–64-year-old men was studied in a framework of WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program (MOPSY). Maastricht Questionnaire (MQ) was used to assess VE. Genotyping of VNTR polymorphisms in DRD4 and DAT genes was performed. All new cases of arterial hypertension (AH), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke were registered in people without CVD from 1994 to 2008. Data showed that VE rate was 66.8% in study population. Hazard ratio was significantly increased (AH: HR = 3.2; MI: HR = 2.7; stroke: HR = 3.2) in men with VE compared with VE-free individuals during the first five years of observation. Multifactorial modeling showed that VE together with concomitant social gradient determined development of AH, MI, and stroke in open male population. Allele 7 of DRD4 and genotype 9/9 of DAT gene were associated with high level of VE. Open population of men showed high level of VE, predictor for risk of developing CVD. Vital exhaustion was significantly associated with certain VNTR polymorphisms of DRD4 and DAT gens.

Key words: Vital exhaustion, arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, DRD4 gene, DAT gene. 

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0404 Vol. 3 (5), pp. 009-011, November, 2013. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Comparative antibacterial studies of mistletoes growing on two diffrent host plants in Akure North, Nigeria

Yusuf  L, Oladunmoye  M.K, Ogundare  A.O, Akinyosoye F.A, Hassan G. F, and Momoh A.O

Depertment of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure.

*Corressponding author. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 30 September, 2013

Abstract

The antibacterial activity of 60 % methanolic leaves extracts of mistletoes (Viscum album) growing on cocoa and cola trees were tested on Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi in vitro. Both the gram-positive and gram-negative organisms showed variable sensitivity to the extracts treatments. The results obtained indicated that extracts from both host plants had some antibacteria activities against the microorganisms when compared with standard antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin and sterptomycin) used as positive controls at P < 0.05 significant level. In general,extracts from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) plant showed more antimicrobial tendency than those from cola (Kola nitida) plant.

Key words: antibacterial activity, methanolic extact, Viscum album, Theobroma cacao,  Kola nitida.

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0404 Vol. 3 (8), pp. 004-008, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Haematinic potential of unripe mature pawpaw (Carica candamarcensis) fruit juice

Chikwendu Justina, ¹Ayogu Rufina, ²Asoluka Caroline

¹Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

²Department of Vocational Education, Abia State University, Umuahia.

 *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 02 September, 2013

Abstract

This study evaluated the micronutrient composition of unripe mature pawpaw (Carica candamarcensis) fruit juice in relation to management of anaemia in pregnant women and children (1 – 3 years). The pulp was grated and the juice extracted with Knowledge electric juice extractor. It was sieved with double folded muslin cloth to ensure its smoothness. The fresh undiluted juice was analysed for various nutrients using standard methods. The quantities of the juice required meeting the recommended nutrient intakes (RNI) for pregnant women and children (1–3 years) were calculated. Means and standard deviations were statistical tools employed. The results indicated that 100 ml of the juice contained folic acid (67 mcg), vitamin C (2.61 mg), vitamin E (0.94 mg), thiamine (0.061 mg), riboflavin (0.036 mg), niacin (0.80 mg), pyridoxine (0.021 mg), iron (0.97 mg), copper (0.06 mg), beta carotene (25RE) and zinc (0.05 mg). To meet their daily RNI for the various nutrients, pregnant women and children (1 – 3 years) require 9048 ml and 2381 ml of the juice each daily. The juice has haematinic potential to prevent and manage anaemia.

Key words: Anaemia, children, micronutrient composition, pregnant women, unripe mature pawpaw fruit juice, recommended nutrient intake.    

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Science ISSN: 2167-0404 Vol. 3 (8), pp. 001-003, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals

Case Report

An interesting cause of dysphagia in a patient with parkinson’s disease

¹Dr. Shaikh Mohammed Aslam S and ²Dr. Mahindra JV

¹Department of Medicine M. S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore 560054, India.

²Department of Neurology M. S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore 560054, India.

*Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected]

Accepted 07 October, 2013

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder and dysphagia is a frequent symptom of Parkinson’s disease. We report a case of 61 year old male who presented with history of dysphagia, dysarthria, and diplopia of 6 weeks duration. He was a known case of Parkinson’s disease for the past one year and was on levodopa. On examination he had bilateral ptosis and jaw weakness. Neostigmine test and acetylcholine receptor antibodies were positive. Repetitive nerve stimulation test was positive for decremental response. Hence diagnosis of myasthenia gravis was made. Dysphagia is a common manifestation of advanced parkinson’s disease. But in patients in whom dysphagia does not improve with levodopa, one should keep possibilities of other etiologies for dysphagia in their mind and work up should be done to rule out other etiologies. We report this case to highlight a rare occurrence of Parkinson’s disease with myasthenia gravis.

Key words: Parkinson’s disease, myasthenia gravis, dysphagia, levodopa, dysarthria.

Full Length Research Paper

Pregnancy outcome in elderly primigravidae at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria

Babagana Bako¹ Inuwa Umaru¹ Ado Danazumi Geidam¹ Mohammed Ashiru Garba²

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital P.M.B 1414, Maiduguri Borno State, Nigeria.

²Department of Paediatrics, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital P.M.B 1414, Maiduguri Borno State, Nigeria.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] 

Accepted 26 June, 2013

Abstract

Maternal age is an important determinant of pregnancy outcome and women aged 35 years and above undergoing their first pregnancy are often classified as high risk obstetric patients. The objective of this study was to determine the birth outcome in some women going through their first pregnancy at 35 years and above compared with their younger counter parts aged 20-34 years. A ten year retrospective case-control study of the birth outcome of elderly primigravidae compared with younger primigravidae (20-34 years) managed at the University of Maiduguri teaching hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria. During the study period, there were 24,085 deliveries out of which 102 were elderly primigravidae giving the incidence of 0.42%. The elderly primigravidae are more prone to pregnancy induced hypertension and Preeclampsia (x²=9.41, p=0.002) and caesarean section (x²=30.26, p=0.0001) compared to the younger mother. However, the incidences of post date pregnancy and failed induction of labour (FIOL) were found to be much higher in the control than the elderly primigravidae with p values of 0.001 and 0.024 respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of miscarriages, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), placental abruption, preterm labour/contractions, instrumental vaginal deliveries and fetal outcome in the two groups. Elderly primigravidae are at an increased risk of pregnancy induced hypertension and Preeclampsia as well as caesarean delivery than the younger primigravidae. However the fetal outcomes are comparable. We recommend modification of social habits to reduce the occurrence of elderly primigravida.

Key words: Birth outcome, elderly primigravidae and pregnancy complications.