International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 2 (3), pp.077-085, March, 2012. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Drug Abuse among Sports Men and Women in Lagos State, Nigeria

Molobe, Ikenna Daniel

Deputy Director of Programs, Unified Initiative for a Drug Free Nigeria (UIFDFN)

Member, World Federation Against Drugs (WFAD)

Received February 07, 2012; Accepted March 27, 2012

Corresponding Author’s E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice on drug abuse otherwise known as doping among sports men and women. This was a cross-sectional study based on a self-report questionnaire which was carried out among sports persons at the National Stadium, Surulere, Lagos. Systematic random sampling was used to select 345 participants (208 males and 137 females). The data from the study was analysed using frequency measures and chi-square procedure. Findings revealed a fair level of knowledge on the harmful effects and health implications of drug abuse for performance enhancement among study participants. According to the participants’ perception and behavioural attitude, respondents (44.4%) feel that someone should use drugs to boost performance in sports while 55.6% of the respondents do not agree with such attitude. Most respondents (56.0%) perceive most achievement records in sports to be related to drug use. The difference in the attitude towards doping between respondents level of education is significant (p<0.05). The respondents admitted that they have used the following prohibited drugs; alcohol (57.2%), ephedrine (11.8%), codeine (8.2%), steroid (5.6%), cocaine (5.6%), insulin (5.0%), marijuana (4.0%), heroin (1.1%), amphetamine (0.7%), cannabis (0.4%) and hygroton (0.4%). Findings also revealed that some of the sports persons also abuse OTC [e.g acetaminophen and NSAIDs] analgesic medicines (1.1%) and non-orthodox-herbal concoctions (1.8%) for performance enhancement. It was therefore concluded that the knowledge, attitude and practice of sports person on drug abuse is unfortunate. Considerably, more research is needed to develop effective prevention strategy that combines education, health and sports based interventions.

Key Words: Drug abuse-Sports-Nigeria

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 2 (4), pp.072-076, March, 2012. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Anatomical variations of Appendix in Patients with Acute Appendicitis among two major tribes in Lagos Nigeria

Ashindoitiang J.A* Ibrahim N.A**

*General Hospital Ikorodu Lagos Nigeria

** Lagos State University College of Medicine and Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail:[email protected]

Received December 05, 2011; Accepted March 26, 2012

Abstract

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical problem. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate management. This relies not only on the understanding of the clinical features, but also on the knowledge of the variations in its anatomical position.

Patients and methods: In the present study, we have examined the position, length, and the extent of the mesoappendix of the vermiform appendix in patients seen in three private hospitals in Lagos state over a period of twelve calendar months. The features of interest were evaluated during appendicectomy.The variations in the anatomic features of appendix was compared between the two dominant tribes in Lagos Nigeria

Results: The pelvic appendix was commonest position (41.3%). The average length of the appendix was 11.5cm and the mesoappendix fail to reach the tip in 55%.

There were subtle anatomical variations of appendix between the two major tribes in patients that presented with acute appendicitis in three private hospitals in Lagos state. Appendix was 0.5cm longer in the Ibos; the incidence of appendicitis appeared relatively lower in Ibos. The position of the appendix in the Yoruba was mainly pelvic, while in the Ibo the pelvic and retrocaecal position occur in equal proportions.

The extent of mesentery did not appear to have any influence on the incidence of acute appendicitis.

Conclusion: There are no dramatic differences in the position and length of the vermiform appendix in the two major tribes in Lagos. The incidence of appendicitis was higher in the Yoruba’s probably because more Yoruba’s were seen and secondly because Lagos is the home of the Yoruba’s. Furthermore pelvic appendix was common in the Yoruba and as speculated may account for this difference.

Key Words:  Appendicitis, vermiform appendix, position, length and variations among 2 ethnic groups.

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences ISSN: 2167-0404 Vol. 2 (2), pp. 069-071, February, 2012. © International Scholars Journals    

Case Report

Facial muscle paralysis: behind the words

Konstantinos Michalakis

Elena Venizelou General Hospital, Athens, Greece

*Corresponding Author’s E-mail: [email protected]

Received 05 February, 2012; Accepted 28 February, 2012

Abstract

A 67-year old woman presented with right facial muscle paralysis of acute onset of six hours. Her medical history included diabetes mellitus on metformin since several years and an ear infection of viral etiology 4 weeks ago. Clinical examination (using the House-Brackmann scale) revealed pain behind the right ear, inability to close her right eye, unilateral tongue numbness and increased sense of hearing on the right side, while other cranial nerve function was spared.

Case Report

Irreducible lateral patella dislocation with associated rotation

Mahendrakumar Meta¹, David Graham² and Kevin Tetsworth³

Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Brisbane QLD 4005 Australia

Corresponding author email: [email protected]

Received February 4, 2012; Accepted February 21, 2012

Abstract

Irreducible lateral patella dislocation is an extremely rare event, documented only a handful of times in the literature. Lateral patella dislocation is usually the result of indirect trauma and is usually easily reducible, often prior to seeking medical care. We present a case of a 50 year old man with an unusual case of irreducible lateral patella dislocation with associated rotation about the long axis requiring open reduction, in a knee with degenerative changes. 

Case Report

Capsule endoscopy related small bowel obstruction in a patient with radiation enteritis 

Muhammad A Khattak¹, Hilary L Martin², Jonathan Martin³, Paul Hollington⁴ and Ganessan Kichenadasse⁵ 

¹MBBS Oncology Registrar Flinders Medical Centre

²MBBS Oncology Registrar Calvary Hospital

³MBBS, FRACP Gastroenterologist Flinders Medical Centre

⁴MBBS, PhD, FRACS Colorectal Surgeon Flinders Medical Centre

⁵MBBS, FRACP Medical Oncologist Flinders Medical Centre

Corresponding Author’s E-mail: [email protected]

Received November 28, 2011; Accepted February 11, 2012

Abstract

Capsule endoscopy is indicated primarily to identify small intestine pathology. Capsule retention is an uncommon complication of capsule endoscopy which can sometimes result in symptomatic bowel obstruction. We report a case of an 84 year old gentleman with a past history of locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy about 20 years ago, who was investigated for occult gastrointestinal blood loss with a capsule endoscopy. He developed symptomatic small bowel obstruction related to capsule endoscopy due to undiagnosed strictures related to past radiotherapy. There has been only one other reported case of symptomatic bowel obstruction as a complication of capsule endoscopy in a patient previously treated with radiotherapy for endometrial cancer. This case highlights the need for cautious use of capsule endoscopy in patients having a past history of abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy, who may have enteric strictures.

Key words: capsule endoscopy, radiotherapy, prostate cancer, radiation enteritis

Full Length Research Paper

Assessment of sexual function in women with and without urinary incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse, using the Portuguese version of the PISQ-12 questionnaire

Gulnara Waleska Rubio Martinez Santana¹, Tsutomu Aoki² and Antônio Pedro Flores Auge³

¹Santa Casa de São Paulo–Faculty of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil.

²Associate Professor of the Santa Casa de São Paulo – Faculty of Medical Sciences, and Director of the Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo ,São Paulo, Brazil.

³Associate Professor of the Santa Casa de São Paulo–Faculty of Medical Sciences, and Head of the Clinic of the Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

* Corresponding Author’s E-mail: [email protected]

Received December 20, 2011; Accepted January 21, 2012

Abstract

Objective: To assess sexual function in women with and without urinary incontinence/pelvic organ prolapse using the PISQ-12 questionnaire.

Material and Methods: One hundred and thirty–two women were evaluated for the current study. Sixty-four subjects were considered symptomatic and allocated to the study group, whereas 68 asymptomatic women formed the control group. All participants answered the PISQ-12.

Results: There was no difference in educational level, age or marital status between the groups. Using Cronbach´s alpha coefficient, the study group had an α of 0.79 and the control group had an α of 0.80, which indicates good internal consistency. For the test-retest, the Intraclass Coefficient of Correlation was 0.77, ranging from 0.66 to 0.89. The study group scores were lower compared to control group scores, indicating worse sexual function (27.8 ± 9.3 vs. 42.7 ± 3.9, p< 0001).

Conclusion:  Based on the use of the PISQ-12 questionnaire, women with UI/POP had worse sexual function than those without UI/POP

Key words:  Questionnaires; Urinary Incontinence; Pelvic Organ Prolapse; Evaluation.