ISSN 2756-3855
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2091-1254 Vol. 7 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of ivermectin and albendazole on some liver and kidney function indices in rats
R. O. Arise* and S. O. Malomo
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Accepted 09 November, 2018
Abstract
Evaluation of repeated administration of ivermectin and albendazole separately and in combination on some hepatic and renal function indices were examined in albino rats (Rattus novergicus). The experimental animals were randomly divided into four groups: those administered distilled water (control), those administered 0.4 mg/kg bodyweight of ivermectin (Iver), those administered 15 mg/kg body weight of albendazole (Alb) and those administered the two drugs concurrently (Iver+Alb). The animals were administered, the drugs daily for fifteen days after which venous blood, liver and kidney were collected. The separate administration of ivermectin and albendazole significantly elevated (P<0.05) the concentrations of serum potassium and bicarbonate ions. Also, their co-administration caused a significant elevation (P<0.05) of serum phosphate ion concentration. Administration of ivermectin and/or albendazole led to significant increase (P<0.05) in serum urea, creatinine, glucose and cholesterol concentrations while albumin was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Generally, activities of ALP, ACP, LDH, AST, ALT, Na+-K+ ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase of liver and kidney were significantly altered (P<0.05). These observations may be suggestive of deranged membrane structures and functions. Thus the combined administration of the two drugs may be exerting more deleterious effects on both renal and hepatic functions than when administered individually.
Key words: Ivermectin, albendazole, liver function, kidney function.
R. O. Arise*, S. O. Malomo
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2091-1254 Vol. 7 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Biochemical factors relevant to kidney functions among Jordanian top athletes
A. Baniata1, K. Manse2*, T. Aburjai3, S. Adeeb1 and M. Al-Gazzawi3
1Faculty of Physical Education, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
2Faculty of Science, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan.
3Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Accepted 22 November, 2018
Abstract
The aim of this research was to examine the biochemical factors related to kidney functions such as glucose, urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium levels among Jordanian top level athletes. Eighty athletes (67 males and 13 females) participated were chosen to take part in this study. The means height, weight, age, gender and Body Mass Index (BMI) were matched by a control group consist of 81 normal adolescents. Data were analyzed using SPSS package two-sample t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe post hoc test for the significant physiological variables The results showed that the levels of serum urea, creatinine and potassium in Jordanian top athletes were statistically significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). Our finding indicates that a significant difference in correlation between BMI and creatinine were observed in the experimental group. We concluded that the most abnormalities observed on routine biochemical screening in top Jordanian athletes are of no clinical significance.
Key words: athletes, urea, creatinine, hyperkalaemia, hypokalaemia, hypornatraemia, hypernatraemia.
S. Adeeb and M. Al-Gazzawi, T. Aburjai, A. Baniata, K. Manse*
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2091-1254 Vol. 6 (12), pp. 001-008, December, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Cobalt reverses vanadate inhibition of rat kidney alkaline phosphatase
Rotimi O. Arise1*, Folashade F. Davies2 and Sylvia O. Malomo1
1Enzyme Kinetic Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Kwara State, Nigeria.
2Pharma-Deko Plc, Agbara Estate, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 12 July, 2018
Abstract
Vanadate ion (VO43-) is an established inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and inorganic phosphate transport across biologic membranes. The concentration-dependent effects of Co2+ and VO43- on rat kidney ALP activity were carried out over a range of 3.33 – 25.67 mM p–NPP concentrations. The investigation revealed Co2+ as an activator of rat kidney ALP, while vanadate inhibited the enzyme. The activatory effect of cobalt ion on ALP was compared with that of magnesium ion when vanadate-inhibited ALP was exposed to both cobalt and magnesium ions at both 2 and 4 mM concentrations. The results revealed that cobalt ion at these concentrations significantly reversed (P < 0.05) vanadate inhibition of rat kidney ALP activity while magnesium ion was significantly deficient (P < 0.05) in this regard. In the light of the foregoing, cobalt may be a better activator of rat kidney ALP in the presence of inhibitors of ALP. This reversal of ALP inhibition by Co2+ could be employed as a protector with a potential physiological relevance in cells.
Key words: Cobalt, vanadate inhibition, alkaline phosphatase.
Folashade F. Davies and Sylvia O. Malomo, Rotimi O. Arise*
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2091-1254 Vol. 6 (11), pp. 001-007, November, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Independent and interactive effects of Mg2+ and Co2+ on some kinetic parameters of rat kidney alkaline phosphatase
R. O. Arise1*, F. F. Davies2 and S. O. Malomo1
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Kwara State, Nigeria.
2Pharma-Deko Plc, Agbara Estate, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 12 April, 2018
Abstract
It is a known fact that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a metalloenzyme that requires zinc ion (Zn2+) and magnesium ion (Mg2+) for activity. Cobalt ion (Co2+) however has also been reported to stimulate its activity. The concentration-dependent effects of Mg2+ and Co2+ on rat kidney ALP activity was carried out over a range of 3.33 – 25.67 mM para-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) concentrations. The investigation showed that Mg2+ and Co2+ are activators of rat kidney ALP. Independent and interactive effects of Mg 2+ and Co 2+ on rat kidney ALP showed Co2+ to be a better activator than Mg2+. The activity of rat kidney ALP was not significantly affected (P < 0.05) by 4 mM Co 2+ in the presence of 4 mM Mg2+ when compared with ALP activity in the presence of 4 mM Co2+ alone. There was no synergism in the interactive effect of cobalt and magnesium ions on rat kidney ALP activity. The result may be of clinical and diagnostic importance in alkaline phosphatase assay procedure where cobalt ions may be employed as a better cofactor than magnesium ion used originally in the procedure. This will ensure sensitive detection of low ALP activity.
Key words: Independent, Interactive, Mg2+, Co2+, kidney, alkaline phosphatase.
R. O. Arise*, F. F. Davies and S. O. Malomo
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2091-1254 Vol. 6 (11), pp. 001-004, November, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Biochemical effects on the liver and kidney of rats administered aqueous stem bark extract of XEMENIA AMERICANA
A. U. Wurochekke*, A. E. Anthony and W. Obidah
Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria.
Accepted 03 July, 2018
Abstract
The effects of aqueous extract of XIMENIA AMERICANA stem bark on liver and kidney of albino rats was investigated. Different doses of the crude extract were administered to rats for 30 consecutive days. The levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of treated animals significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to the control group. High levels of these enzymes observed were found to be dose dependent. The serum level of protein of treated animals showed significant (p<0.05) decrease compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of urea and creatinine of the treated animals compared to the control. The data obtained is suggestive of liver damage and unaffected kidney.
Key words: Ximenia americana, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine.
A. E. Anthony and W. Obidah, A. U. Wurochekke*
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN 2091-1254 Vol. 6 (10), pp. 001-007, October, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of ambient gases and soil moisture regimes on carbohydrate translocation in kidneybean plants grown in pots in Riyadh, KSA
Fahad Al-Qurainy
Botany and Microbilogy Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 08 April, 2018
Abstract
This study designated to examine the effect of elevated gases in four localities of Riyadh City on carbohydrate for parts of kidneybean plants (Phaseolous vulgaris L.) grown in pots under two soil moisture regimes (well-watered vs. restricted water). Carbohydrate analysis results showed increases in kidneybean samples under well-watered conditions compared to restricted soil moisture. Most kidneybean samples at Embasses site exhibited higher soluble, insoluble and total carbohydrate concentrations while the Batha site samples have lower values of these fractions. Batha site reduced the flux of carbohydrates from source to the sinks of both soil moisture regimes. This study concluded that there was a good relation between the effect of highly polluted localities and kidneybean leaves carbohydrate content and its translocation.
Key words: Gas pollution, Riyadh, kidneybean, carbohydrate content.
Fahad Al-Qurainy
Page: 1 - 7