ISSN 2756-3855
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology ISSN: 4592-6543 Vol. 2 (1), pp. 046-047, February, 2014. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Pre-clinical medical students and brain death donation in Tehran-Iran, 10 years after legislation
Olang Orkideh*1, Bakhshi Mohammadhossein2, Khodakarami Mehran2, Sohrabi Mohammadreza2, Khodadadi Abbas3
1Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
2Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran.
3Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Iran.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Tel. +98 912 480 3595
Accepted 20 December, 2013
Abstract
As medical students should be prepared to face with Brain dead donors’ families in the future, we tried to study their general information and attitude in their basic science stage.All students in the first two years of medical education were asked to fill a questionnaire for the knowledge and attitudes towards deceased organ donation in 2012 in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science in Tehran.Three hundred thirty five of 451 of attending students in the first two years of medical education filled the questionnaires (the response rate was 74.3%). The mean age was 20.18±0.97 years and 59.2% were female. 93.7% were familiar with brain dead donation(BDD) concept but 24.4% still believed in the chance of recovery after brain death. The main source of their information was media(37.2%).78% agreed withdonation in the case of brain death for themselves or their familieswith higher rate among females (85.2% versus 68.1%,p value<0.001).246 students (73.9%) considered that a team was required for brain death diagnosis to help the family to believe the fact easier (P value<0.001). The positive attitude toward BDD increased enormously through 10 years of public education especially throughmedia.
Key words: Brain death, donation, knowledge, attitude, medical students.
Khodakarami Mehran, Sohrabi Mohammadreza, Olang Orkideh*, Bakhshi Mohammadhossein, Khodadadi Abbas
Page: 46 - 47
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology Vol. 1 (4), pp. 040-045, December, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Endothelial protein C receptor in renal tubular epithelial cells and influencing factors
Guoyuan Lu1*#, Yanping Shen1#, Wenjuan Qian2, Lei Shen1, Qing Qiao1, Ming Li1 and Zhaoyue Wang3
1Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
2Department of Nephrology, Zhangjiagang First People’s Hospital, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China.
3Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 5 May, 2013
Abstract
The endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) plays an important role within the protein C pathway in regulating coagulation and inflammation. It was reported that EPCR was expressed in large vessels, placenta, heart, liver and lung endothelial cell. However, there are a few studies concerned about renal epithelial cells. This study aims to investigate EPCR expression in renal tubular epithelial cells and related influencing factors. EPCR expression was assessed by flow cytometry in renal tubular epithelial cells. The effects of some reagents (high glucose, tumor necrosis factor–α and interleukin-1β) were measured by RT-PCR. The results showed that renal tubular epithelial cells had the high expression of EPCR level. High glucose, tumor necrosis factor–α and interleukin-1β might reduce EPCR expression. And troglitazone could significantly improve the inhibition. In conclusion, we found EPCR expression in renal tubular epithelial cells IN VITRO. Some factors such as high glucose, tumor necrosis factor–α and interleukin-1β can impact on EPCR. However, troglitazone had protective effects of EPCR on injured cells.
Key words: Endothelial protein C receptor, renal tubular epithelial cell, troglitazone, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β; high glucose.
Guoyuan Lu, Yanping Shen, Lei Shen, Ming Li and Zhaoyue Wang, Qing Qiao, Wenjuan Qian
Page: 40 - 45
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology Vol. 1 (2), pp. 026-034, October, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Disorders of sexual development in genetic pediatrics: Three different ambiguous genitalia cases report from Hospital Para el Nino Poblano, Mexico
Aparicio-Rodríguez J. M.1,9*, Cuellar-López F2, Hurtado-Hernández ML3, Barrientos-Pérez M4, Reynoso de Mendoza S.5, Vargas-González R.6, Camacho-Gutiérrez S. F.2, Marroquin-Garcia I.3, Chatelain-Mercado S.7 and Sierra-Pineda F.8
1Department of Genetics, Hospital para el Niño Poblano, México.
2Department of Urology and Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Para el Niño Poblano, México.
3Department of Citogenétics, Hospital Para el Niño Poblano, México.
4Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Para el Niño Poblano, México.
5Department of Neonatology, Hospital Para el Niño Poblano, México.
6Department of Pathology, Hospital Para el Niño Poblano, México.
7Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México. 8Department of Genetics, Hospital de la Mujer S.S.A. Puebla, Mexico
9Department of Estomatology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla México.
*Corresponding autor. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 15 October, 2013
Abstract
Five pediatric patients with three different disorders of sexual development are reported in this study; the first three male patients (16 years, 4 years and 2 months old, respectively) were diagnosed as having diphallia. These 3 patients had real diphallia, well developed penises, urinarious meatus, and both testicles and one of the case, vessel duplication was reported by urology. All the patients have normal cytogenetic analysis, 46XY. The fourth patient was 2 years old, with hyperplasic clitoris, hyperpigmented tissue similar to labia major (large lips) and internal female organs identified as vagina, uterus and both ovaries. A chimera with two different cells lines [46,XX (48%) and 46,XY (52%)] by cytogenetic studies was reported. And the last child was 2 years 8 months old patient with chromosome translocation, between chromosome Y and 7 chromosomes t(7;Y). Hypospadias pene-escrotal, unilateral cryptorchidism, urinary meatus stenosis and malformed scrotum were diagnosed together with vessel duplication.
Key words: Ambiguous genitalia, diphallia, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, chromosome translocation and chimera.
Barrientos M, Cuellar F, Reynoso de MS, Hurtado ML, Marroquin-Garcia I., Camacho-Gutiérrez S. F., Vargas R., Chatelain-Mercado S. and Sierra-Pineda F., Aparicio JM*
Page: 26 - 34
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology Vol. 1 (3), pp. 035-039, November, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Curcumin inhibits cell survival and migration by suppression of Notch-1 activity in prostate cancer cells
Tao Kong1,2, Yongxing Wang3, Li Xiao2 and Limin Liao1*
1Department of Urology, Beijing Bo’ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine,
Capital Medical University, Beijing 100077, China.
2Department of Urological Surgery, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing 100078, China.
3Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +8610-87569043. Fax: +8610-87569043.
Accepted 5 July, 2013
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that Notch-1 activity plays an essential role in prostate tumorigenesis. However, its underlying mechanism is not yet clear. In this study, Curcumin, a drug widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for its antimalarial and anti-inflammatory properties, was used to investigate its impact on cell survival, migration and Notch signaling status in prostate cancer cell lines. Our data show that Curcumin treatment significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and PC3 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Two migration-related genes, MT1-MMP and its target-molecule MMP2, were downregulated by Curcumin. There was no significant change of Notch-1 and its cleaved product NICD levels after Curcumin treatment. Furthermore, our chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) revealed a remarkable decrease of NICD binding to Hes-1 promoter. Altogether, our results suggest an anti-tumor action of Curcumin in prostate cancer that might be through suppression of the Notch-1 transactivity.
Key words: Prostate cancer, Curcumin, Notch.
Yongxing Wang, Tao Kong, Li Xiao and Limin Liao
Page: 35 - 39
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology Vol. 1 (1), pp. 007-009, September, 2013. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Plasma endothelin level in hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Usha Singh 1, R. G. Singh2, Suman Singh3 and Shailja Singh4
1UGC Advanced Immunodiagnostic Training and Research Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India.
2Department of Nephrology, SS Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, India.
3Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India.
4DST Sponsored NFTHM, Department of Nephrology, SS Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, India.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 13 September, 2013
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in normal healthy population, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its correlation with hypertension and nephropathy in DM. A total of 34 patients with DM, that included 19 cases with simple DM without nephropathy and 15 cases with diabetic nephropathy were used in the study. Four of the cases were considered simple DM and seven cases with diabetic nephropathy were also hypertensive. Thirty three healthy controls were included in the study. Endothelin estimation was done by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In healthy individuals, plasma ET-1 levels ranged from 2.6 to 5.6 pg/ml with a mean level of XX±YY. The mean value of ET-1 in diabetic nephropathy as well as in non-complicated DM was significantly higher compared to controls. ET-1 was significantly elevated in DM with hypertension compared to than in control group. We conclude from this study that ET-1 is more elevated in DM associated with hypertension and nephropathy than simple DM. The significant findings of the study are that ET-1 is significantly increased in DM whether associated with nephropathy or not and also in DM with hypertension as compared to healthy controls. The increased plasma ET-1 might be a precipitating factor for DM in the predisposed individuals. We recommend plasma ET-1assessments in DM patients especially in male patients.
Key words: Endothelin, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction.
R. G. Singh, Usha Singh, Suman Singh and Shailja Singh
Page: 7 - 9
Research Article
International Journal of Urology and Nephrology Vol. 1 (1), pp. 010-021, September, 2013.© International Scholars Journals
Review
Herbal treatments of glomerulonephritis and chronic renal failure: Review and recommendations for research
Rainer Nowack1*, Felipe Flores-Suarez2, Rainer Birck3, Wilhelm Schmitt4 and Urs Benck3
1Center for Nephrology and Dialysis Lindau/Bodensee, Germany.
2Primary Systemic Vasculitides Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
3Fifth Department of Medicine, University Hospital Mannheim, Germany.
4Center for Nephrology/Dialysis, Weinheim, Germany.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: (49) 8382-2762100. Fax: (49) 8382-2762109.
Accepted 6 September, 2013
Abstract
Remissions of nephrotic syndrome due to membranous nephropathy (MN) induced by Astragalus membranaceus have drawn nephrologists attention to medicinal herbs as alternative treatments of glomerulonephritis. MN stands for a group of chronic glomerulonephritides that are routinely treated with corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs, although treatment responses are unsatisfactory and the toxic burden significant. The investigational status of Astragalus and other medicinal herbs like Angelica sinensis, Tripterygium wilfordii, Rheum palmatum, Ligusticum wallichii, Perilla frutescens, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Arctium lappa with respect to their use as treatments of chronic renal disease and specifically of glomerulonephritis is reviewed. Most of these herbs are in current clinical use in China and appear to have promising constituents capable of modifying immune processes in glomerulonephritis. Nevertheless, their application in patients can still not be advocated as clinical studies meeting international quality standards have not been performed and toxic risks had not been excluded with adequate scrutiny.
Key words: Glomerulonephritis, medicinal herbs, triptolide, astragalus, perilla, rhubarb.
Felipe Flores-Suarez, Rainer Birck, Rainer Nowack*, Wilhelm Schmitt and Urs Benck
Page: 10 - 21