ISSN 2326-7283
Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-003, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Torsade de pointes in a patient with bronchopenumonia and atrial fibrillation treated with clarithromycin
Lihua Fang1, Chung-Jen Huang2*, Hwang-Daw Hua3 and Chung-Hsin Huang4
1Department of Pharmacy, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
2Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
3Division of Cardiology, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
4Department of Anesthesiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Accepted 22 July, 2020
Abstract
Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic widely used in pulmonary infection and Helicobacter pylori eradication. QT prolongation on an electrocardiogram with torsade de pointes is an uncommon fatal side effect. We report a patient with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure who develops torsade de pointes after clarithromycin, tamoxifen, amoxillin/clavulanate, digoxin and verapamil use, and discuss the pharmacological mechanism and prevention.
Key words: Torsade de pointes, clarithromycin, atrial fibrillation, QT interval.
Chung-Jen Huang*, Hwang-Daw Hua and Chung-Hsin Huang, Lihua Fang
Page: 1 - 3
Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Rapid measurement of B- type natriuretic peptide in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute shortness of breath
Dharminder K. Angurana, Nazir A. Lone, Khursheed A. Khan*, S. Jalal, Rimpi Sangral, Hilal A. Rather, Mohammad S. Alai, Kaiser Habib and Badri N. Bhogal and Vicar M. Jan
Department of Cardiology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar-Kashmir, India.
Accepted 22 February, 2020
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the utility of a rapid measurement of BNP in diagnosing heart failure in patients presenting to the emergency department with dyspnea. B- Type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a protein secreted from the cardiac ventricles in response to pressure and volume overload. One potential application of measurement of BNP is to distinguish dyspnea of cardiac origin from non cardiac causes. BNP levels were measured in 72 patients presenting with dyspnea to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. Results of BNP levels were withheld from emergency physician. Two cardiologists reviewed the clinical data, laboratory parameters which included echocardiography and reached a consensus opinion about the diagnosis while being blinded to BNP results. The diagnostic accuracy of the BNP estimation was tested. The mean BNP concentration in patients with CHF (n= 44) was significantly higher than in patients without CHF (399+289.2 pg/ml versus 84.9+42.4 pg/ml (p<0. 001). Univariate analysis of plasma BNP level at different cut off levels revealed that, a value of 175 pg/ml had a sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of 96.4% and accuracy of 87.5% for differentiating CHF from lung disease. BNP measurements added significant, independent explanatory power to other clinical variables used in predicting CHF. Rapid measurement of BNP appears to be a sensitive and specific test for differentiating patients with heart failure from those without, in urgent care setting.
Key words: B- type natriuretic peptide, congestive heart failure, Dyspnea.
Khursheed A. Khan*, S. Jalal, Mohammad S. Alai, Hilal A. Rather, Nazir A. Lone, Rimpi Sangral, Kaiser Habib and Badri N. Bhogal and Vicar M. Jan, Dharminder K. Angurana
Page: 1 - 6
Review
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-013, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Hepatitis B outbreak investigation report in Sabarkantha District, Gujarat State, February 2009
S. J. Gandhi
Commissionerate of Health Medical Services and Medical Education, Gandhinagar, -382010, Gujarat-India. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 07923254831, 07923253343.
Accepted 16 March, 2020
Abstract
During the ongoing outbreak of Hepatitis-B in State of Gujarat as on April 11, 2009, total 593 confirmed cases had been registered with 94 deaths of unfortunate victims. It had been a major Public Health Challenge as the significant no. of deaths occurred over a short period in a focal area of the State and the Epidemiological Investigations carried out with the help of various departments and Institutions pointed the use and re-use of unsterilized syringes and needles as the root cause for this unfortunate event. This event has been unique in the way that public health interventions like Antiviral drug Lamivudin was instituted towards the treatment of acute Hepatitis-B cases being reported and was found useful and Mass-Vaccination of the affected population with Hepatitis-B injectable vaccine which conferred not only protective value but also built up confidence of the people. In addition during this outbreak all round actions were taken for Bio-Medical waste disposal, identifying culprits and resorting legal actions against them as well as creating awareness for safe injection practices amongst medical fraternity and people at large
Key words: Hepatitis B, cirrhosis, HIV, Sabarkantha District, vaccine, liver infection.
hi , S. J. G
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Short Communication
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-003, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Seroprevalence and epidemiological factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Eastern Sudan
Tajeldin M. Abdallah1, Mamoon H. Mohamed2 and AbdelAziem A. Ali3*
1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kassala University, Sudan.
2Ministry of Health, Kassala State, Sudan.
3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kassala University, Sudan.
Accepted 14 June, 2020
Abstract
This study was conducted at Kassala, Eastern Sudan between March and April 2011, to determine the seroprevalence and epidemiological risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among healthy people visited Kassala Teaching Hospital, eastern Sudan. 5 ml of blood were drawn from each subject, after immediate centrifugation, the sera were tested for HBsAg using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The seroprevalence revealed from ELISA was (8.2%). Among the epidemiological and risk factors, the seropositivity of HBV varied with residence, ethnicity and gender distribution (P value=0.01, 0.001 and 0.000, respectively). Substantial effort is needed to adopt the preventive measures, and HBV immunization should be strongly supported and sustained by the ministry of health in eastern Sudan.
Key words: Hepatitis B virus, infection, prevalence, epidemiology.
Mamoon H. Mohamed and AbdelAziem A. Ali*, Tajeldin M. Abdallah
Page: 1 - 3
Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-010, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Computational design of cardiac activity
Md. Shoaibur Rahman
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Asia Pacific (UAP), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Biomedical Engineering Centre, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mathematical and Optical Biophysics Research, University of Dhaka (DU), Bangladesh. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 20 September, 2020
Abstract
Cardiovascular physics is an interdisciplinary research area where the ideas and methods from mathematics, physics, and biology are synergistically applied for advanced medical diagnosis. The research on cardiac activity includes the development of efficient quantitative techniques and theoretical approaches, as well as the use of mathematical reasoning to gain insight into the cardiovascular system. However, mathematical representation of the entire cardiac activity is still on the focus of the research of cardiovascular physics. Here in this paper, a simple computational model of cardiac activity has been designed through a cardiovascular system equation derived from the elementary fluid dynamics. The cardiovascular equation is expandable, by applying respective assumptions, therefore as the models of heart, blood flow rate, and blood pressure, the model of heart is flexible to represent the right and left ventricle, as well as right and left atria individually. The validity of the model has been estimated by deriving numerical figures of heart rate, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, stroke volume, and ejection fraction. The analysis has also showed that the model can describe the abnormal conditions of the heart originated from heart blockage, leakage along with the normal operation. The validity of the models of blood flow rate and blood pressure has been verified by comparing the outcomes with some pre-established results in the physics of fluid dynamics.
Key words: Cardiovascular physics, cardiac activity, computational model, cardiovascular system equation, model of heart, blood flow rate, blood pressure.
Md. Shoaibur Rahman
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Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Hypertension and classical risk factors in ambulatory patients: A hospital-based study in Adamawa region (Northern Cameroon)
Pancha Mbouemboue Olivier1,2*, Koona Koona Adonis2 and Cacko Joachim2
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
2Service of Medicine, Regional Hospital, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Accepted 10 July, 2020
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mean levels of blood pressure and hypertension (140 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic pressure or treatment for hypertension) in a sample of non random ambulatory subjects attending Regional Hospital in Ngaoundéré (Adamawa region, Cameroon) and to evaluate conventional risk factors for hypertension in patients diagnosed with hypertension. 233 patients were examined, 115 men and 118 women. Based on the mean blood pressure recorded, 117 subjects constituting 56 (47.9%) men and 61 (52.1%) women had hypertension. The mean age and standard deviation for males and females were 53.0±10.6 and 50.1±12.4 respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was estimated at 48.7% among men and 51.7% among women. The average systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse blood pressure (PP) were 178.9±4.6, 106.5±2.9 and 72.0±3.7 mmHg respectively among hypertensives. Men and women showed no significant difference in SBP, DBP, and PP levels. Analyzing conventional risk factors for hypertension, we found over 90% of subjects with at least one risk factor. Among the classical risk factors for hypertension, lack of exercise and weight abnormality appears to be the predominant risk factors for hypertension before alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking.
Key words: Hypertension, Adamawa, risk factors, blood pressure levels.
Koona Koona Adonis and Cacko Joachim, Pancha Mbouemboue Olivier*
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