African Journal of Internal Medicine

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN: 2326-7283 Vol. 3 (7), pp. 172-176, August, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation for adult patients with acute diarrhea

*Sapardi Damono, Budiman Fadilah and Lolo Wijaya

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Email: [email protected]

Accepted 14 July, 2015

Abstract 

The concept of taking probiotic supplementation for better health and improving acute episodes of diarrhea has been well-known. Several studies have indicated that probiotic supplementation bring beneficial effects for patients with diarrhea. However, there is a striking lack of evidence on the supplementation of probiotic products in adult patients with acute diarrhea and prescribing probiotics for acute diarrhea has been underestimated. A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted in adult patients who visited the study sites at three hospitals (Cipto Mangunkusumo, Koja and Tarakan Hospital) in Jakarta between 2007 and 2010. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, that is, the treatment group receiving Lactobacillus spp. product at the dose of 3 × 2 capsules for 7 days and the control group receiving placebo. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program. The p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. The study demonstrated a significant result of faster recovery from diarrhea 1.02 ± 0.48 days sooner than the placebo group (p = 0.018). Greater improvement on clinical outcomes (frequency of stools, stool consistency, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating, headache, fever and tenesmus) were observed in the group receiving Lactobacillus spp. supplementation; however, the result was statistically significant on stool consistency only. Combined probiotic supplementation appears to be a promising therapeutic agent for treatment of acute diarrhea in adults. However, further controlled clinical studies as well as good storage, handling and distribution is essential to explore the therapeutic benefit for possible practical clinical application.

Key words: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, probiotic supplementation, acute diarrhea,adult

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN: 2326-7283 Vol. 3 (6), pp. 168-171, July, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Clinical evaluation of herbal coded formulation Pharinjaline in the treatment of Pharyngitis and Sore throat

¹Aamir Abd-ur-Rahman Soomro, ¹Halima Nazar, ¹Afzal Ahmad, ¹Ejaz Mohiuddin,  ¹Khan Usmanghani, ²Muhammad Akram,  ²S. M. Ali Shah, ²H. M. Asif

¹Faculty of Eastern Medicine, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan.

²Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of herbal coded formulation (Pharinjaline) compared with erythromycin for the treatment of sore throats and acute pharyngitis. One hundred patients with sore throat and pharyngitis were randomly divided into two groups, 50 in each group. Test group was treated with Pharinjaline and control group was treated with erythromycin. The effect of both drugs for the treatment of sore throats and acute pharyngitis were seen before and after treatment. Comparison of data recorded by the physician on the variables showed significant differences between test and control groups (p <0.05). The efficacy of the test treated medication (Pharinjaline) was superior as p = 0.03. Pharinjaline is more effective than the Erythromycin in the treatment of sore throat and acute pharyngitis

Key words: Pharyngitis, phainjaline, erythromycin, efficacy, sore throats. 

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN: 2326-7283 Vol. 3 (5), pp. 162-167, June, 2015. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The therapy of burn wound healing in Rat (Wistar) by using the combination of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bone marrow BM-derived mesenchymal stem cell

*¹Gusti Revilla, ²Eryati Darwin, ¹Yanwirasti and ³Fedik A. Rantam

¹Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.

²Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.

³Stem cell Laboratory Institute of Tropical Disease (ITD) and Laboratory Virology and immunology, Department of Microbiology, Vet. Medicine Faculty Airlangga University Surabaya, Indonesia.

*Corresponding Authors. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel. 062 0751 31746, Fax. 062 0751 32838 

Abstract

The therapy to heal the burn wound is still imperfect, therefore it is important to conduct specific research concerning this topic that benefits to society. Using both Bone Marrow-stem cell (BM-MSc) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from allogenic donors as part of the therapy to heal the burn wound seems to give positive prospect for the future treatment. In this experiment, PBMC and rat BM- derived from mesenchymal stem cell were used as the therapy model. Immunocytochemistry was used as the method to characterize the phenotype of MSc, it was also used to express the collagen type I and the indirect ELISA in analyzing the TGF-β 1 secretion.  The rats with burn wound were divided into 2 kinds of group; the first group of rats was selected to control the use of PBS; while second group of rats was used as the treatment object that was medicated by the applying of the combination of both BM-MSC and PBMC. Stem-cells subcutaneously administered dose applied to each rat was around of 2 x 106 cells. The result showed that the levels of TGF-β 1 secretion in day 3rd and day 7th on the rats which were treated by using the combination of BM-MSC and PBMC were higher compared to the rats from the control group. The experiment that concerns on the thickness of the collagen showed that combination between BM-MSC and PBMC stem cell make it possible in increasing the thickness of collagen I,  besides; it also showed significant differences (p=0.000). This research proved that the combination of BM-MSC and PBMC stem cell served can accelerate the healing process for the burn wound on rats through increasing of TGF-β 1 secretion and collagen type 1 expression, it means that PBMCs can be applied as good as chemoattractant.

Key Words: Wound healing, stem cell, allogenic, TGF-β 1, type I collagen.

Full Length Research paper

Profile of people living with HIV in intensive medical care in Togo: epidemiological and evolutionary aspect

Ouedraogo SM¹, Djibril MA², IBA BA Josaphat³, Balaka A², Tchamdja T², Djagadou K², Ouedraogo M⁴, Agbétra A², Drabo YJ⁵

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Souro Sanou (UH SS), Burkina Faso.

²Intensive medical care, University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé.

³Department of Internal Medicine, University hospital -L, Gabon.

⁴Pneumo Service phthisiology, University hospital -YO Yalgado Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

⁵Department of Internal Medicine, University hospital -YO Yalgado Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

Corresponding Author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel. (00226) 70207076.

Abstract

Aim: To describe both the epidemiology and prognosis of people living with HIV (PLHIV) hospitalized in intensive care.

Methodology: it is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the CHU Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé over a period of 12 months on known HIV infected patients or patients newly diagnosed on admission, from both sexes, aged over 15 years, hospitalized during the period between January 1^st and December 31^st, 2011. We studied the socio-demographic parameters, the reason for hospitalization, the infections and affections found and  their evolution.

Results: During our study period 124 patients (46 men and 78 women) were selected out of 1130, i.e. a rate of 10.9%, with a sex ratio of 0.6. The average age of our patients was 41 ± 15.5 years, ranging from 20 years to 69 years. On admission, 41% (51 patients) were aware of their HIV-positive status, with 30% on antiretroviral treatment. The reasons for admission were dominated by altered consciousness, repetitive seizures, severe dehydration, severe anemia with impaired general condition and paroxysmal dyspnea with respective rates of 48.4%, 22, 6%, 12% 32% and 4.3%. The clinical manifestations were dominated by hemi corporal sensory motor deficit (56.7%), fever (53%) and coma (48.4%). Biologically, 83.6% had a CD4 rate below 200 elements per mm³. Anemia was severe in 32 % out of the 87% of cases of anemia. This anemia is associated with a lymphopenia or neutropenia or thrombocytopenia in respectively 63.3 %, 57.1% and 20 % of cases. Creatinine and blood urea were elevated in 20% of cases. Infections and diseases found were dominated by cerebral abscesses (40%), severe anemia (32%), gastroenteritis (12%) and meningitis (11.2%). Brain abscess were represented by toxoplasmosis in 90% of cases. Meningitis was bacterial in 5 cases (pneumococcus), fungal (Cryptococcus) in 3 cases. Overall mortality was 43% with a higher lethality for meningitis and severe anemia.

Conclusion: the proportion of patients with HIV infection is high in medical intensive care unit in Togo. The admission patterns are dominated by neurological diseases including neurological conditions i.e coma. Infections and/or affections are found but dominated by various cerebral abscesses (toxoplasmosis). Mortality in patients with HIV infection in intensive care is high and seems to be improved by proper management of toxoplasmosis abscesses.

Keywords: Intensive care, HIV, cerebral toxoplasmosis, Togo.