African Journal of Internal Medicine

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The effects of magnetic water on milk and blood components of lactating Saanen goats

M. M. Sargolzehi¹*, M. Rezaee Rokn-Abadi² and A. A. Naserian¹

¹Department of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

²Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

Accepted 13 November, 2020

Abstract

Change in milk and blood components of lactating Saanen goats when consuming magnetic water were studied. Twelve goats in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments including: 1) Control; 2) Consuming conditioned water with 1200 Gauss permanent magnet and; 3) Consuming conditioned water with 3600 Gauss permanent magnet, were used. Results indicated that conditioning of the water did not affect blood metabolites (glucose and urea), blood ions (Na, K, Mg and P) and milk composition (fat, protein, lactose, solid not fat and total solid) significantly.

Key words: Saanen goats, magnetic water, blood metabolites, blood ions, milk composition.

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Isolation and identification of new eleven constituents from medicinal plant

Hamid Kheyrodin

Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Desertification, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 21 September, 2020

Abstract

In order to know the appropriate medicinal plants compound we estimate oils those are complex mixtures of numerous components. The valuation of an essential oil basing only on the percentage of the main physicochemical component constants. Analyses in Semnan province revealed the presence of sesquiterpene lactones, which a group of compounds previously known for their significant bioactivity. Semnan University laboratories have succeeded in isolating and identifying 11 new constituents from a class of compounds called the steroid glucosides. High concentrations of quercetin, quercetin 4^I-glucoside, taxifolin, taxifolin 7-glucoside and phenylalanine were also isolated from the red bulbs of Allium cepa L. var. Tropea. This new discipline has grown out of the scientific endeavor to understand more about the ways in which animals may be treating themselves with the use of plants. Due to the constraints and difficulties of systematic research of this kind on wild animal populations, our knowledge is still limited. Our results suggest that organ for synthesis site of glucosides is leaves not roots of the whole plants. We have established that traditional medicinal plants from Iran contain some medicinal chemical compound by its root, leaves, flowers and shoot cultures.

Key words: Qualitative analysis, medicinal compounds, oil plant, glucosides.

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 9 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Nutritional status of preschool children aged 2 - 5 years in Aguata L.G.A of Anambra State, Nigeria

Okoroigwe, Florence Chizoba^{1, 2}* and Okeke, Elizabeth Chinwe¹

¹Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria.

²Natural Sciences unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Enugu state, Nigeria.

Accepted 16 October, 2020

Abstract

A lot of reports show that there exist problem of malnutrition among Nigerian children. This study has been designed to assess the nutritional status of preschool children aged 2 - 5 years in Aguata L.G.A of Anambra State, Nigeria. The study was carried out using anthropometric measurements (weights and heights) and 3 day weighed food intake methods. Two hundred and eight preschool children were randomly selected from two (2) towns in Aguata. A sub sample of 20 children was randomly selected for the 3 day weighed food intake study. The mean weights and heights of the children ranged from 11.6 ± 2.19 to 19.3 ± 1.84 kg and 85.7 ± 7.61 to 111.6 ± 3.99 cm, respectively. Using NCHS (1976), Standard of reference, 7.7, 7.7 and 2.4% of the children were wasted, stunted and underweight, respectively. The daily energy intake of the children ranged between 51.2 and 62.9% of their energy requirement daily. Their daily protein, iron, calcium, and B-complex vitamin intakes were generally poor while that of vitamin A was above requirement values. However, most of their foods were of plant source whose nutrients are poorly bioavailable. Therefore, application of improved food processing and storage techniques, dietary diversification and fortification with intensified nutrition education would reduce malnutrition in the area.

Key words: Nutritional status, stunting, wasting, nutrient intake, preschool.

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 9 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Tillage and manure effect on soil physical and chemical properties and on carbon and nitrogen mineralization potentials

H. Kheyrodin¹* and H. Antoun²

¹Department of Natural Resources Faculty of desertification of Semnan University, Semnan-Iran.

²Département des sols et de génie agroalimentaire Pavillon Paul-Comtois, local 2211 Université Laval, Canada.

Accepted 08 September, 2020

Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the effects of tillage and liquid manure applications on some physical and chemical properties and also on the carbon and nitrogen mineralization potential from a meadow soil. Our results indicated that tillage and manure applications had no effect on the concentration of total N and organic C in the 0 - 15 cm layer of soil after 15 years of treatment. However soil P, Ca, Mg and Zn contents increased significantly with manure applications. Soil organic matter and total N significantly decreased in the 15 – 30 cm depth. No significant change could be detected in soil structural stability in both layers. Moreover, tillage affected significantly soil soluble C and the C/N ratio. Application of 100 t ha-1 manure significantly increased soil soluble C. The results of this study suggest that tillage increased significantly the soil N mineralization rate. The potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N0) was higher in tilled than in no -tilled soil and was at its maximum in the 0 – 15 cm layer of the soil. Furthermore, a significant positive interaction was observed between tillage and manure application on N mineralized after 1.4 wk (Ne) . No significant change was detected in both C mineralization rate (Cm) and potentially mineralizable C (C0). The total amounts of mineralizable carbon (Cm) and nitrogen (Nm) significantly decreased in 15 – 30 cm depth and were very closely correlated with the total amounts of C or N and mineralization rate constants (K).

Key words: Carbon and nitrogen mineralization potentials, k constants, physical and chemical properties.

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (12), pp. 001-005, December, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Electrolyte profile and prevalent causes of sickle cell crisis in Enugu, Nigeria

E. O. Ibe¹*, A. C. J. Ezeoke², I. Emeodi³, E. I. Akubugwo⁴, E. Elekwa⁴, M. C. Ugonabo⁵ and W. C. Ugbajah⁶

¹Department of Chem. Path, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.

²Department of Chem. Path, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.

³Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.

⁴Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria.

⁵Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, UNEC, Enugu, Nigeria.

⁶Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.

Accepted 09 September, 2020

Abstract

One hundred sickle cell patients aged between 6 - 25 years in steady state who attended Sickle Cell Clinic at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria were selected for this study. Out of this number, only thirty who were eventually admitted in crisis state within one year of this study were selected for subsequent investigations. They included 20 females and 10 males. We also selected thirty apparently healthy hemoglobin AA subjects, (17 males and 13 females) aged between 6 and 32 years to serve as secondary control. Samples were collected on the patient’s initial visit to the hospital (stable state). Samples were also collected on admission and 24 h after infusion therapy. Serum electrolytes, malarial parasite count, widal agglutination, blood and urine cultures were done using standard methods. The results showed a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in mean sodium and potassium levels in crisis when compared with those in steady state. The electrolytes were assayed 24 h after rehydration of the patients in crisis. There were significant increases (p < 0.05), in mean sodium and potassium levels. Considering the prevalent causes of crisis, 63% of the subjects in crisis had malarial parasitaemia. 16.7% had bacterial infection and 13.3% were infected with Hepatitis B while 7% had both malaria and bacterial infection. The significance of this study is to highlight the fact that sickle cell patients who receive hydration therapy attain electrolyte balance within 24 h of re-hydration and therefore should not be over- enthusiastically challenged especially in those localities where there are no facilities for monitoring hydration therapy. In addition, the study revealed that malaria is the major precipitating cause of sickle cell crisis in Enugu, Nigeria and governments should take a holistic approach towards the fight against malaria.

Key words: Sickle cell anaemia, electrolytes, crisis, prevalent causes, malaria.

African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (12), pp. 001-004, December, 2020. © International Scholars Journals