ISSN 2326-7283
Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Biochemical pattern of thyroid disorders in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria
Mshelia DS1, Bakari AA2, Mubi BM3, Ali N2, Musa AH4, Gali RM4 and Mamza YP4
1Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
2Department of Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
3Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
4Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Accepted 23 November, 2019
Abstract
No previous study documented biochemical pattern of thyroid disorders in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria. Therefore, the changing pattern which usually occurs after introduction of iodine supplementation cannot be observed. The study is therefore intended to create awareness of presence of thyroid disorders, document the first biochemical pattern of thyroid disorders forming a turning focal point for observations during iodine supplementation in this region. Thyroid function tests results analyzed within 5 years (January 2009 to December 2013) in Chemical Pathology Department, UMTH, and Maiduguri were reviewed. This included 871 results; each was interpreted individually using standard method. Results were then grouped according to the types (pattern) of thyroid dysfunctions. Age, gender and indication for each result were also sorted. Percentages of each category were determined. Results shows improper filling of request forms. Out of the 871 results only 2% request for Paediatric age group, 79% for adults while age was not known in 19%. Gender was not indicated for 5.3% of requests. Where gender was indicated it showed male: female ratio of 1:5.1. Although indications for 78.2% of request are for thyroid-related disorders (63.4% Goitre-related indications), only 32.8% results showed biochemical evidence of thyroid disorders and Hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosis is commoner (81.1%) among results with biochemical evidence of thyroid disorders compared to hypothyroidism (18.9%), forming 26.6 and 26.2% among all results analyzed, respectively. Primary disorders are commoner among both categories. Majority of results with biochemical evidence of thyroid dysfunctions belonged to patients with age between 20 and 50 years, the most productive age group. Thyroid disorder is common, predominantly in adults with female preponderance. Goitre-related indications are common yet results showing thyroid disorder is only 32.8% which may signify presence of iodine deficiency in this region. Hyperthyroidism/thyrotoxicosis is more compared to hypothyroidism and primary disorders predominate in each category.
Key words: Thyroid disorders, biochemical pattern, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Mshelia DS, Musa AH, Mubi BM, Ali N, Gali RM and Mamza YP, Bakari AA
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Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Rare management of duodenal injuries
Ajay Anand* and Anchal Kotwal
Department of Urology and Surgery, Superspeciality Hospital, Govt. Medical College Hospital, Jammu – 180001, Kashmir State
Accepted 15 March 2019
Abstract
Duodenal injuries are rare and complete circumferential duodenal injuries are rarest to encounter. The best method of their repair is still an enigma. This article and experimental study aimed to elucidate the best methods of duodenal repair. We encountered few duodenal injuries which began from February 2011 – the first one with duodenal injury involving the first part of duodenum posteriorly. Another duodenal injury was complete circumferential involving first and third parts of duodenum, along with laceration of superior mesenteric artery. Only one case of double duodenal transection has been reported in world literature, and that associated with superior mesenteric artery laceration has not been reported. In one case of double duodenal transection, we attempted a novel technique for managing double complete circumferential duodenal injury by using a 16 fr stenting gastroduodenojejunal catheter. Both injuries were repaired primarily and had good postoperative outcome. Duodenal injuries should not be feared. Meticulous and judicious repair of duodenal injuries brings good results.
Key words: Traumatic duodenal injuries, Iatrogenic duodenal injuries, double duodenal transection, stenting gastroduodenojejunal catheter.
Ajay An, Anchal Kotwal, *
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Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research
Risk factors of volatile substances abuse (VSA) and HBV as indicators for their prevalence in Sudanese homeless Individuals in Khartoum State
Darien Omer Abbas1* and Omer Abbas Mohamad Jahala2
1Immunology in Tropical Medicine (SUDAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES) SAS, Private Medical Lab, Sudan.
2Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shendi University, Sudan.
Accepted 15 March 2019
Abstract
The prevalence of HBV among VSA homeless individual in Khartoum state is more than in non VSA individual. The aims of this study are: to identify the possible reasons that homeless individuals get into glue sniffing; to estimate the prevalence of viral hepatitis B disease among volatile substances abusers (VSA); to better understand the relationship between viral hepatitis B infections and the bad habits underlying these outcomes; and to estimate the STDs and sexual behaviors among the study population using reflections to questionnaire. A case control study was designed to address these relationships. The study targeted 30 VSA (Case) and 58 normal individuals (Control) in Khartoum state aged 10-17 years. Using a questionnaire, the data were collected and ELISA test for detection of HBV was carried out. The chi square test and odds ratio were used to obtain the statistical results of this research (the significant level (P value is less than 0.05)). The study found that 13.3% of cases and 8.6% of controls were infected by HBV. The relationships between the glue sniffing and the war, the broken family ties and the peer influence were highly significant (P < 0.01). However, the relationship between infection with HBV and glue sniffing were insignificant. Nevertheless, the relationship between infection with HBV and surgeries were significant in case group (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that the main reasons for being homeless and get into glue sniffing are war, family break up and peer influence. We also concluded that the risk factors that lead to infection with STDs are common among the study population, leading to consequent outcomes like infection with HBV.
Key words: Shamasa street children in Sudan, volatile substances abuse (VSA), hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Darien Omer Abbas*, Omer Abbas Mohamad Jahala
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Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Disabilities, unmet needs and social networking of elderly in Pune
Kulkarni Priya Y1,2 , Bhawalkar Jitendra S3, Banerjee Amitav B3, Raimule MR3, Rotithor P3 and Bakshi T3
1Department of Community Medicine, SMBT Medical College, Igatpuri, Nasik.
25, Shanti Sadan, Tarte Colony, Erandawane, Pune- 411004, Maharashtra, India.
3 Department of Community Medicine, Dr D Y Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, India.
Accepted 06 August 2019
Abstract
Disability rate in elderly is much higher. The rising needs of long term care and severity of disabilities may be reduced if disabilities in elderly are identified as early as possible. This study aimed to identify elderly with disabilities and to study their socio-demographic factors, unmet needs and social networking. A community based cross sectional study was carried out among the elderly in rural field practice area of one of the medical colleges in Pune during 1st June- 30th July 2012. Using a convenient sampling, elderly were interviewed to get socio-demographic variables. BRIGHT questionnaire was used to detect disability and unmet needs. Social networking was assessed using social network index questionnaire developed by Cohen et al. 23.1% (80/346) had disabilities according to BRIGHT questionnaire. 58.75% (47/80) of disabled were diagnosed of chronic disease. 41.25% (33/80) disabled had not consulted the physician for their disability, considered as part and parcel of aging. 34% (16/47) of disabled diagnosed with chronic disease were taking treatment appropriately. Factors associated with disabilities were rural residence, unemployment, presence of diagnosed chronic disease. 51.4% (178/346) had poor social networking, and it was associated with presence of disability and diagnosed chronic conditions. There is a need to identify hidden burden of disabilities and unmet needs among elderly to decrease magnitude of disabilities. Periodic use of tools like BRIGHT questionnaire by health workers, relatives or by elderly themselves may serve the purpose. Social networking of elderly needs to be re-enforced.
Key word: Disability, elderly, BRIGHT questionnaire.
Bhawalkar Jitendra S, Rotithor P and Bakshi T, Banerjee Amitav B, Kulkarni Priya Y, Raimule MR
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Short Communication
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-003, December, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Association of central obesity and severity in cholelithiasis during cholecystectomy in adult women
Juan de Dios Díaz-Rosales1,2*, Lenin Enríquez-Domínguez1, Juan Antonio Alcocer-Moreno1, Jesús E. Romo3, Ever Duarte1 and Beatriz Díaz-Torres2
1Surgery Service / Hospital General Regional No. 66 - Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Juárez, México)
2Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez (Juárez, México).
3Epidemiology Resident / Universidad de Guadalajara (Guadalajara, México).
Accepted 03 October 2019
Abstract
Cholelithiasis is the most common biliary pathology, with a prevalence of 14% in Mexico. Although, obesity is an established risk factor we hypothesized that central obesity is related to severity of cholelithiasis. We studied patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis, which were underwent to cholecystectomy. We divided into 3 groups; Group I: patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis; Group II: patients with acute cholecystitis, without other complications; and Group III: patients with any complications than acute cholecystitis. We analyzed age, weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip index. We studied 212 patients, included 88 (41.5%) patients in Group I, 60 (28.3%) in group II, and 64 (30.2%) in group III. We found statistical difference only in waist circumference (98.6 cm vs 95.3 cm vs 105.3 cm; p=0.001) and waist-hip index (0.91 vs0.89vs 0.96; p=<0.001). Our results suggest that central obesity and waist-hip index could play an important role in patients with severe gallstone-related complications.
Key words: Cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy, gallbladder, gallstones, obesity.
Juan de Dios DÃaz-Rosales*, Lenin EnrÃquez-DomÃnguez, Jesús E. Romo, Juan Antonio Alcocer-Moreno, Ever Duarte and Beatriz DÃaz-Torres
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Research Article
African Journal of Internal Medicine ISSN 2326-7283 Vol. 7 (12), pp. 001-003, December, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Case Report
Activity of targeted therapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the kidney: Case report with review of literature
Rajae Najib¹, Nezar Bouyahya¹, Aziza Elhaouari² ; Mohammed Amine Chad¹, Hind El fatmi², Samia Arifi¹ and Nawfel Mellas¹
1Medical Oncology Department, Hassan II University Hospital, FEZ, Morocco.
2Pathology Department, Hassan II University Hospital, FEZ, Morocco.
Accepted 07 July, 2019
Abstract
Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the kidney is a very rare clinical entity, having an incidence of about 0.5% of all renal malignancy. The lack of characteristic presentation leads to delay in the diagnosis and treatment resulting in grave prognosis for these patients. In this paper, we report a case of renal squamous cell carcinoma treated with Sunitinib with a good response, an acceptable safety profile and we analyze different data about diagnosis and treatment of this rare entity.
Key words: Carcinoma, kidney, squamous cell, sunitinib, targeted therapy.
Hind El fatmi, Rajae Najib, Mohammed Amine Chad, Aziza Elhaouari, Samia Arifi and Nawfel Mellas, Nezar Bouyahya
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