International Journal of Agricultural Sciences

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (10), pp. 001-003, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Interrelationships among the oil and fatty acids in maize

Gül Ebru Orhun* and Kayihan Z. Korkut

Çanakale Onsekiz Mart University, Bayramiç Vocational College 17700, Çanakkale / Turkey.

Accepted 05 September, 2020

Abstract

In this study, 28 F₁ maize hybrids obtained by 8x8 half diallel crossing were used, in order for the interrelationships among the oil content and fatty acids to be determined by correlation analyses. The range values for oil content of hybrids varied between 3.34 to 4.95%. The results showed positive correlation meaningfully between most traits, and it showed that oleic acid has the most possitive correlation (r = 0.655**) with oil content.

Key words: Oil, corn, fatty acids, interrelationships, correlation coefficient.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (10), pp. 001-007, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

cDNA, genomic sequence cloning and over-expression of ribosomal protein L15 gene (RPL15) from the giant panda

Bing Sun, Yiling Hou, Wanru Hou*, Xiulan Su, Jun Li, Guangfu Wu and Yan Song

Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, 1# Shida Road, 637009, Nanchong, P. R. China.

Accepted 05 October, 2020

Abstract

RPL15 is a component of the 60S large ribosomal subunit encoded by RPL15 gene and belongs to the L15e family of ribosomal proteins, which is located in the cytoplasm. The cDNA and genomic sequence of RPL15 was cloned successfully from the giant panda using RT-PCR and Touchdown-PCR technology, respectively. These two sequences were analyzed preliminarily and the cDNA of the RPL15 gene was also over expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The length of fragment cloned is 669 bp, containing an open-reading frame (ORF) of 615 bp encoding 204 amino acids. The length of the genomic sequence is 1,835 bp, with three exons and two introns. Primary structure analysis revealed that, the molecular weight of the putative RPL15 protein is 24.142 kDa with a theoretical pI 12.11. Topology prediction shows that there are two cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites, four N-myristoylation site, two Protein kinase C phosphorylation site, two Casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, two Amidation site and one Ribosomal protein L15e signature in the RPL15 protein of the giant panda. Alignment analysis indicates that, the nucleotide sequence of the coding sequence shows a high homology to other known RPL15 sequences of Homo sapiens, Bos taurus, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Canis familiaris and Danio rerio; as determined by Blast analysis, 94.31, 89.92, 91.54, 91.22, 96.59 and 79.02%, respectively. The homologies for deduced amino acid sequence are all 100% compared with the first five animals and share a high homology with that of D. rerio by 95.59%. The cDNA of RPL15 was cloned successfully from the giant panda in this study. It provides scientific material for enriching and improving the RPL15 gene database. The RPL15 gene can be really expressed in E. coli and the RPL15 protein fusioned with the N-terminally His-tagged protein gave rise to the accumulation of an expected 30 KDa polypeptide, in good agreement with the predicted molecular weight. The expression product obtained could be used for purification and study of its function further.

Key words: Giant panda, RT-PCR, RPL15, genomic sequences, cloning, over-express.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (10), pp. 001-013, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Grasp planning analysis and strategy modeling for underactuated multi-fingered robot hand using in fruits grasping

Li Shanjun¹*, Shuangji Yao², Zhang Yanlin¹*, Meng liang¹ and Lu Zhen²

¹College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan P. R. China.

²School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing P. R. China.

Accepted 15 September, 2020

Abstract

To solve the unfixed grasping tasks during the fruits picking and rating, grasping modeling is researched as the most important part of the robot hand solutions. A survey for grasping synthesis method with dexterous robot hand is presented in this paper. The difference of grasping characters is introduced between dexterous hand and underactuated hand. Especially, the feature of self-adaptive enveloping grasp achieved by underactuated finger mechanism is outlined, which has good performance in grasping unknown objects. In order to generate valid grasps for unknown target objects and apply in real-time control system for underactuated robot hand, a grasping strategy synthesis model for universal grasp tasks is proposed based on human knowledge analysis. It is composed by off-line neural networks training section and on-line compute section. Firstly, daily grasped objects are used to build a sample space by human experience. Then the discrete sample space is computed by fuzzy clustering method. The data is used to generate grasp decision scheme by rough set mixed artificial neural networks. An examination is simulated for grasp configurations choice of the underactuated robot hand with the aim to show the practical feasibility of the proposed grasp strategy.

Key words: Underactuated robot hand, grasp planning, neural network, fruits grasping.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (10), pp. 001-009, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Differentiation of olive Colletotrichum gloeosporioides populations on the basis of vegetative compatibility and pathogenicity

S. J. Sanei* and S. E. Razavi

Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

Accepted 14 July, 2020

Abstract

Twenty five isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides obtained from fruits of olive, apple and citrus trees from different regions of Golestan province, northern Iran. Results from cross-inoculation experiments showed a great variability in pathogenicity among the isolates examined. They were investigated using complementation tests with nitrate-non-utilizing (Nit) mutants to know their vegetative compatibility. Among 250 chlorate-resistant sectors obtained, only 187 were Nit mutants. Three types of Nit mutants were obtained (Nit1, Nit3 and NitM) on the basis of the fungal phenotype. Nit1 mutants were the most frequent (71.6%), followed by NitM (16.6%) and Nit3 (11.8%). Based on their ability to form heterokaryons, all olive pathogenic isolates were grouped into two vegetative compatibility groups (VCG). This is a good indication of the homogeneity of the olive C. gloeosporioides population. The results might also suggest the absence of a relationship between pathogenicity of strains on apple and VCG.

Key words: Nit mutants, VCG, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Olive tree.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (10), pp. 001-008, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Employing an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for optimum distribution of liquid pesticides

Khalid A. Al-Gaadi¹*, Abdulwahed M. Aboukarima² and Ahmed A. Sayedahmed³

¹Department of Agricultural Engineering, Precision Agriculture Research Chair, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 2460, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

²Huraimla Community College, P. O. Box 300, Shaqra University, Huraimla 11962, Saudi Arabia.

³Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, P .O. Box 2460, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Accepted 18 August, 2020

Abstract

An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was implemented to evaluate different combinations of nozzle flow rates and boom heights in terms of liquid pesticide distribution uniformity from a ground field sprayer. In addition, the ANFIS was utilized to determine the optimum combination of the two principal factors (boom height and nozzle flow rate) that would result in the best distribution uniformity. In ANFIS, the two principal factors were selected as inputs, however, the Coefficient of Distribution Uniformity (CDU) was considered as the system output. For the tested set of data, the ANFIS analysis designated a boom height of 60 cm and a nozzle flow rate of 118 L/h as the optimum combination with a CDU value of 65.7%. Results of the study showed that the ANFIS technique was effective in evaluating and classifying the different possible combinations of the involved principal factors for best distribution uniformity. Moreover, results revealed that the utilized ANFIS was accurate in predicting the CDU. The R² values for the relationship between calculated CDU and ANFIS predicted CDU were 0.992 and 0.988 for the training and testing stages, respectively.

Key words: Pesticides, nozzle flow rate, boom height, ground field sprayer, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, coefficient of distribution uniformity.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Soil water soluble organic carbon under three alpine grassland types in Northern Tibet, China

Xuyang Lu^1,2*, Jihui Fan¹, Yan Yan² and Xiaodan Wang^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation, IMHE, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China.

²Shenzha Alpine Steppe and Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station, IMHE, CAS, Shenzha 853100, China.

Accepted 15 August, 2020

Abstract

Water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) is the most mobile and reactive soil carbon source available. It plays an important role in many biogeochemical processes. In this study, we assessed WSOC in the upper 0 to 15 cm soil layer, during the growing season of three representative alpine grassland types of Northern Tibet, with an average elevation of over 4500 m. We also evaluated the contributions of soil environmental factors on the three types of grassland. We found that the WSOC was typically higher at the first sampling in May and decreased with subsequent samples. Furthermore, over the short growing season, the alpine meadow steppe ecosystem had significantly higher WSOC content than the alpine meadow and alpine steppe ecosystems. Soil WSOC of alpine grasslands also negatively correlated with both soil temperature and moisture. These results indicated that soil WSOC is considerably different among the different types of grassland in the same alpine area, and we conclude that soil environmental conditions including soil temperature and moisture are important influencing factors that control soil WSOC content.

Key words: Water soluble organic carbon, soil temperature, soil moisture, alpine grassland, Northern Tibet.