ISSN 2167-0447
Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of the reasons why fruit-drop occurs during the reproductive phase
Sonia Farro1,2*, Mario Pinedo1 and Richard Huaranca2
1Research Institute of the Peruvian Amazon, Integrated Forest Management Program and Environmental Services, Probosque, Abelardo Quiñones Km 2.5 Av, Iquitos Peru.
2National University of Peruvian Amazonian, Pevas Street 551, Iquitos, Peru.
Accepted 21 March, 2020
Abstract
This study presents preliminary findings regarding the factors that cause fruit-drop in a collection of camu-camu originating from natural stands in five different river systems in Loreto, Peru. We evaluate the percentage of fruits attacked by insect pests, the retention of flowers and fruit according to branch diameter, and the influence of rainfall and temperature on fruit-drop. With respect to factors related to genetics and plant origin, plants from the Putumayo River Basin have the lowest fruit-drop, greatest yield and average weight per fruit, and the lowest rate of attack by insect pests. During the reproductive period, which lasts twelve weeks, the critical phase in which the majority of flower and fruit-drop occurs is during the first seven weeks. The total retention of flowers through to mature harvestable fruit was 5.1% and on average only 25% of the formed fruit reached a mature harvestable state. Our results show that insect pests caused 9.27% of the fruit-drop; of these, Edessa sp. caused 98.7% of pest related fruit-drop and Conotrachellus dubiae caused 1.3%. Undetermined factors, potentially including hormonal, nutritional, and climatic (wind, rain, and temperature), caused the remaining 90.73% of fruit-drop. While higher environmental temperatures corresponded to higher fruit-drop, greater pluvial precipitation corresponded to lower levels of fruit-drop.
Key words: Myrciaria dubia, fruit culture, camu-camugenetic, improvement, fruit-drop, physiology.
Sonia Farro*, Mario Pinedo and Richard Huaranca
Page: 1 - 6
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1374Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (5), pp. 001-010, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Growth response of Anogeissus leiocarpa coppices to prescribed fire and weeding after plantation harvesting in the Sudanian zone of Mali, West Africa
Bokary Allaye Kelly
Forest Resources Program, Regional Center for Agricultural Research in Sikasso, Institut d'Economie Rurale (IER) – Mali. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +223 66 72 54 07. Fax: + 223 21 620 349.
Accepted 19 December, 2019
Abstract
A nineteen-year-old plantation of Anogeissus leiocarpa in Zangasso forest was coppiced in order to study the sprouting and shoot growth according to cutting intensity and management mode. Two intensities of cutting (clear cutting and selective cutting) and two management modes (weeding and early fire) were experimented. Clear cutting was found better than selective cutting regarding the percentage of stump bearing shoots (97% versus 87%). The mean number of shoots per stump (12) was the same for the two cuttings. There was no significant interaction between cutting and management mode. The percentage of stump bearing shoot (97%) observed with early fire was slightly higher than that observed with weeding regarding (94%). The mean number of shoots per stump (11 and 12 stumps) was almost the same for the two management modes. For mean height and mean collar girth, clear cutting was better than selective cutting while no significant difference was observed between early fire and weeding. According to these results, coppicing artificial stand of A. leiocrapa is feasible. Either fire or weeding did not compromise the ability of sprouting and shoots growth.
Key words: South sudanian zone, coppice, early fire, stump shoots, weeding.
Bokary Allaye Kelly
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1373Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (5), pp. 001-005, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Influence of lanthanum on biochemical constituents and peroxidase activity of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)
Radhe Shyam* and Naresh Chander Aery
Laboratory of Geobotany and Biogeochemistry, Department of Botany, University College of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001 (Rajasthan) India.
Accepted 17 March, 2020
Abstract
The effect of various concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 12.5 and 62.5 µg g-1) of Lanthanum as Lanthanum nitrate added to soil was studied on the content of foliar chlorophyll (Chl. ‘a’, Chl. ‘b’, Total chl.), soluble leaf protein, total phenol contents and peroxidase activity of cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Lower applications (0.1 to 2.5 µg g-1) of La resulted in enhancement in foliar chlorophyll contents (Chl. ‘a’, Chl. ‘b’, total chl.) and a decrement in soluble leaf protein and total phenol contents. A significant (at p=0.05 level of significance) increase in the activity of peroxidase enzyme at higher concentrations (12.5 to 62.5 µg g-1) of lanthanum was observed.
Key words: Lanthanum nitrate, foliar chlorophyll, total phenols, soluble leaf protein, POD activity, cowpea.
Radhe Shyam*, Naresh Ch, er Aery
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1372Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (5), pp. 001-007, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Invasion species Coleophora laricella – One of the main limiting factor of Larix decidua during the forest aforestation and recultivation
Mara Tabakovic-Tosic1*, Dragutin Tosic2, Snezana Rajkovic1, Vesna Golubovic-Curguz1 and Ljubinko Rakonjac1
1Faculty of Geography, Institute of Forestry Belgrade, Serbia.
2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade, Serbia.
Accepted 14 February, 2020
Abstract
Coleophora laricella Hübner, 1817 was introduced in Serbia along with Larix decidua Miller, 1768 (commonly used in the recultivation processes by reforestation) and as a result of the great adaptive ability, it was well-adapted to the site conditions, which differed greatly from the ones within the limits of its nature spread. It is very obstinate and harmful forest insect. In suitable places it has a permanent fluctuation, and in artificial stands the outbreak can last for as long as 12 years, which was confirmed in the common larch cultures established in 1981 at the waste disposal sites of the waste-rock of energy-industrial complex Kolubara, where it started in 1992 and lasted for 15 years. The chemical aerial suppression was conducted in 1996, and the success was complete, but short-lived. However, in the subsequent years, until 2007, the number of the larch casebearer was still above the critical one. The parasitic complex (10 species) was not sufficient for the significant reduction of the population level of the host. The multi-annual consecutive defoliation caused the significant reduction of the current and total increment of the common larch trees, as well as the increase of the intensity of their desiccation.
Key words: Coleophora laricella, outbreak, parasites, reductions in larch growth.
Dragutin Tosic, Snezana Rajkovic, Vesna Golubovic-Curguz and Ljubinko Rakonjac, Mara Tabakovic-Tosic*
Page: 1 - 7
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1371Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (5), pp. 001-010, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The probable genetic introgression between Walia ibex (Capra walie) and domestic goats (Capra hircus) at Simien mountains national park (SMNP) in Ethiopia
K. Alemayehu1*, S. Gizaw3, Y. Mekasha1, A. Haile2 and T. Dessie2
1School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box.138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
2International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box.5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
3Ethiopian Institutes of Agricultural Research, Debre Birhan Research Center, P.O.Box. 112, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia.
Accepted 12 January, 2020
Abstract
An exploratory survey was conducted at Simien mountains national park (SMNP) and bordering districts to assess the genetic introgressions between walia ibex (C. walie) and domestic goats (Capra hircus) in Ethiopia by studying breeding strategies, production and grazing systems. About 96.9% of the farmers practiced extensive goat production system. The common goat grazing places include outside and within SMNP with an index value of 0.60 and 0.36 respectively. Does selected with selection preferences of size, twining and mothering ability with an index of 0.28, 0.15 and 0.14 but, size, libido and growth was preferred for bucks with an index value of 0.35, 0.13 and 0.11 respectively. Relationships among indices with highest value traits were correlated. The correlation of size with pedigree was significant in both females and males (p < 0.01). This indicated farmers’ interest to interbreeding their goats with the Walia to get strong and huge hybrid. The traits between C. hircus and C. walie (r = 0.38, p > 0.05) as well as C. walie and the suspected hybrid goat (r = 0.21, P > 0.05) were negatively correlated. However, traits between the suspected hybrid and C. hircus were positively correlated (r = 0.34, p < 0.05). Therefore, there is trepidation of introgressive hybridization between C. hircus and C. walie. However, there were no persuasive evidences that shown interbreeding between the two species.
Key words: Breeding strategy, C. hircus, genetic introgression, production system, SMNP, C. walie.
S. Gizaw, K. Alemayehu*, Y. Mekasha, A. Haile and T. Dessie
Page: 1 - 10
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1370Research Article
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2167-0447 Vol. 10 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A case study on cryopreservation of African sheep semen for the Red Maasai, Dorper breeds and their crosses
Hideaki Yamashiro1,3, John R Wando2, Edward Okoth2, Satoshi Sugimura1, Stefan Moisyadi3, Eimei Sato1, Edward O. Rege2 and Mwai Okeyo2*
1Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
2International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) P. O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
3Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1960 East West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Accepted 18 January, 2020
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different concentrations of trehalose and raffinose in Tris-citric acid-glucose (TCG) egg yolk extender for the sperm freezability of Red Maasai sheep, another African breed- the Dorper and their crosses. The results showed that Red Maasai, Dorper and their crosses sperm could be cryopreserved by extending with 0.075 to 0.01 M trehalose or raffinose-TCG egg yolk extender. We conclude that the cryopreservation of currently under threat Red Maasai sheep due to uncontrolled exotic breeds sperm makes it possible to establish a gene bank for the storage of animal genetic resources for endangered species, under the management of the International Livestock Research Institute for future genetic options in an uncertain world.
Key words: Red Maasai sheep sperm, freezability, raffinose, trehalose.
Edward Okoth, John R Wando, Eimei Sato, Satoshi Sugimura, Hideaki Yamashiro, Stefan Moisyadi, Edward O. Rege and Mwai Okeyo*
Page: 1 - 5
https://doi.org/10.46882/IJAS/1369