International Journal of Agricultural Sciences

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 15 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Study of some chemical, physical, sensory and bacteriology characteristics of canned chicken meat imported to Sulaymaniyah markets, Iraq

Hemin Nuradden Mohammed

Department of Animal production/Faculty of Agricultural Sciences/Sulaimani University, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 28 August, 2024

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the quality of imported four brands of canned chicken meat that were (A, B, C and D ) by using different quality standard inspection tests; these are, determination the chemical compositions of moisture, protein, fat, ash, energy and as well as studying the changes in the organoleptic characters represented by measuring peroxide value, free fatty acids, thiobarbituric acid and total volatile nitrogen were carried out. The microbiological investigations involved examination of total bacteriological count, coliform bacteria, proteolytic, lipolytic and sporoforming bacteria (anaerobic) also were tested. In addition, sensory attributes were measured. There are significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among trademarks in chemical analyses that indicated that A trademark of canned chicken meat had the highest percentage of moisture (67.05%) compared to the lowest percentages of D trademark (59.31%) and high protein contents were in B (32.10%) trademarks, while lower contents were in A 20.72% trademark. B trademarks contained low percentage of lipid (2.69%), while D trademark contained a high percentage of lipids (12.53%). C trademark appeared to have higher contents of ash (3.40%), while lower contents were in A (2.66%) trademark, and the total volatile nitrogen values for the all trademarks were non-significant. There were no significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among all trademarks in contents of free fatty acids and thiobarbituric acid (TBA), but there are significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among all trademarks in contents of peroxide values. Peroxide values (PV) for A, B, C and D trademarks were 0.95, 0.45, 0.65 and 0.80 meq oxygen/kg fat, respectively. Also, PV was through the allowance limits for all trademarks. There are not significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in microbial tests among all trademarks that indicated there were no aerobic bacteria in any of these trademarks. Significant differences in the sensory properties among the four trademarks observed, while there are non-significant differences in the overall acceptability of the four trademarks.

Key words: Canned chicken meat, quality analysis, sensory evaluation.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 15 (1), pp. 001-003, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Short Communication

Investigating Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Infection in Free-Range Poultry Populations of Northern Tocantins State, Brazil

Caroline Peters Pigatto De Nardi¹*, Aléxia Lohanna Monteiro Lima² and Francisco Baptista²

¹Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), Campus Matão, Brazil.
²Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Brazil.

Accepted 21 October, 2024

Abstract

Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a major problem of the poultry industry worldwide. This infectious disease, which affects animals worldwide, is caused by bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. gallisepticum in free-range chickens raised in Araguaína, Tocantins, using rapid plate agglutination test (SAR). Blood samples of 175 free-range chickens from the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, were evaluated through serological tests. Of the 175 blood samples from adult birds (Gallus gallus domesticus), 74 (42.29%) - [34.87 to 49.97%] had positive serology for M. gallisepticum. Positive results were significant and show the need for preventive measures in small farms in the region studied.

Key words: Poultry, mycoplasmosis, biosafety.

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 14 (9), pp. 001-025, September, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Design and Energy Consumption of a Preliminary Water Chilling and Recirculation System for Sow Cooling Pads

Tyler C. Field¹, Brooklyn A. Hill², Taylor L. Jansen², Samantha M. Neeno¹, Michaiah J. Galvin², Jay S. Johnson³, Allan P. Schinckel², Carol S. Stwalley⁴, & Robert M. Stwalley III¹*

¹Purdue University Agricultural & Biological Engineering. ²Purdue University Animal Sciences. 3USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit. 4Paradocs Enterprises, Inc.

HIGHLIGHTS
coolant recirculation systems can supply adequate chilled water to swine floor cooling systems
design capacities within the system are critical to proper functioning
simplicity and low operating costs will be critical to the success of these systems in commercial applications
insulation of the coolant distribution system is critical to the overall system efficiency.

Received June 10, 2024; Revised July 17, 2024; Accepted July 22, 2024 and Published 30 October, 2024

Abstract

Significant work has been performed developing technology for on-floor swine cooling utilizing a simple once-through open coolant supply system. The use of this open system has been expedient during the cooling pad development, but it is unsustainable for commercial application. The design and implementation of an initial closed loop, recirculating coolant supply system is described in this paper. The types of potential chilled water circulation systems that might be used and the metrics to judge their performance are reviewed, and the researchers’ objectives associated with this preliminary experience using a recirculating design are relayed. The design’s physical installation in this effort was constrained by the characteristics of the available testing facility and its on-going live animal research experiment. The executed design and operational characteristics of the final installed system are detailed, along with an initial performance analysis showing a CoP of 1.11. The general conclusion of this work showed that recirculating coolant systems provide a valid technological approach to execute the heat rejection function needed for a commercial hog cooling pad installation, which should overcome the issues associated with once-through cooling pad installations.

Keywords: Floor cooling pads; indirect calorimeters; recirculating coolant system; swine heat production; average daily gain for piglets.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 14 (9), pp. 001-006, September, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Analyzing Price Trends and Behavioral Dynamics in the Indian Poultry Sector with Reference to Egg Production

R. Karthikeyan¹* and V. R. Nedunchezhian²

¹Anna University – Chennai (Coimbatore Region) Jothipuram, Coimbatore – 641020, India.
²KCT Business School, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India. *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 0422-2693605, +919843496216.

Accepted 14 December, 2019

Abstract

The study made an attempt to analyze the seasonal changes and growth performance in the prices of egg across India. The data on prices of eggs were collected for the period from January 2009 to December 2012 from the various sources of poultry associations. The seasonal index analyses were used to substantiate the results. The results revealed that the average egg prices had grown significantly at 28% from 2009 to 2012. This was mainly due to the increased consumption of eggs across India and the feed cost has increased to a large extent. The consumption of egg during winter season is high and this results in high prices in the market. Also, the demand is high on account of Christmas and New Year, and this attributes to the rise in prices in the months of November and December. The lowest price was observed during the month of April, due to slack in demand for egg in all the market centers of India and the reason includes hot climate during months of March, April and May.

Key words: Poultry, egg, chicken, broiler, animal husbandry.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 14 (8), pp. 001-009, September, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Development and Optimization of a Heterologous Indirect Competitive ELISA for the Detection of Enrofloxacin Residues in Poultry Muscles

Jin-qing Jiang

College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +86-373-3040079.

Accepted 18 August, 2019

Abstract

A heterologous indirect competitive enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (icELISA) has been developed for the determination of enrofloxacin (ENR) residues in poultry. For this purpose, carbodiimide active ester method was employed to synthesize the artificial antigen of ENR- bovine serum albumin (BSA) while mixed-anhydride technique was used to synthesize the coating antigen of ENR- ovalbumin (OVA), to pursue the heterologous sensitivity. By square matrix titration, an icELISA method was developed, and the linear range was from 0.02 to 86.3 ng/mL, with limit of detection (LOD) and IC50 value of 0.8 and 0.01 ng/mL, respectively. After optimization, 5% of NaOH was used in the assay buffer and this ELISA system can tolerate methanol not higher than 30%. The correlation coefficients (R2) between concentration spiked and concentration determined were 0.9975 in chicken muscle and 0.9959 in duck muscle, respectively. Therefore, this assay has the potential to be incorporated into a quantitative monitoring program for the rapid screening of ENR residue in poultry muscles.

Key words: Enrofloxacin, artificial antigen, polyclonal antibody, indirect competitive enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA), heterologous, poultry.
 

International Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN: 2167-0447 Vol. 14 (8), pp. 001-009, August, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of Organic Cultivation on Root Yield, Quality, and Soil Biological Health of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)

M. Nedunchezhiyan*¹, G. Byju² and S.N. Dash¹

¹Regional Centre of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
²Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

Accepted 21 July, 2024

Abstract

A field experiment conducted for three consecutive years (2006-08) with different organic manures with or without bioagents revealed higher root yield with the application of green leaf manure (12606 kg/ha) as well as integrated use of organic and inorganic manures (12563 kg/ha). Quality characters like dry matter, starch, and β-carotene content were higher with the application of farmyard manures and other organic manures. At the end of three years, the soil organic carbon content was 0.38% in farmyard manure applied plots compared to 0.31% in control plot. The soil microbial biomass carbon content was increased with the application of organic manures and bioagents. At the end of three seasons, the initial levels of soil enzymes urease, β-glucosidase and phosphatase increased from 1248 to 1352 (µg NH4-Ng-1 soil d-1), 10.7 to 20.0 (µg PNP g-1 soil h-1) and 126 to 295 (µg PNP g-1 soil h-1), respectively in various organic treatment systems. Bio-agents such as Trichoderma, Azospirillum, Azotobacter and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria population build up in the soil was observed when applied along with organic manures.

Keywords: Phosphatase, Quality,  Root yield,  Sweet potato, Urease, β-glucosidase.