International Journal of Enology and Viticulture

International Journal of Enology and Viticulture ISSN: 2756-3685 Vol. 8 (5), pp. 001-011, May, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Role of HOPCOMS in socio-economic change of farmer members in Mysore City

H. M. Chandrashekar

Institute of Development Studies, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, Karnataka State, India. E-mail: [email protected].

Accepted 13 November, 2019

Abstract

Horticulture plays an important role in the economic development of country and if contribute to 29.5% of over agricultural GDP from 8.5% of area and 10% of total agricultural exports. Fruits and vegetables are important components of the diet as they contribute the much needed vitamins, minerals, fibers and other micro nutrients to the consuming Indian population. It provides food for our people and raw materials for many of our industries. Important of horticulture is sour of food for our people, supplies raw material to our industries, supports Indian’s industries main source of our exports, as a source of employment, share of horticulture in national income above all providing nutritional security to the people. The establishment of HOPCOMS has an interesting background. First, the Bangalore Grape Growers’ Marketing and Processing Co-operative Society was established in 1959, under the guidance of Dr. M.H. Mari Gowda, the then Director of the Department of Horticulture. The main objective of the society was to encourage grapevine cultivation by providing necessary inputs, technical know-how and marketing facilities to grape farmers. It had jurisdiction over Bangalore, Kolar, Mysore, Tumkur, Mandya and Mangalore districts. Since grape was a seasonal fruit, the society started handling all fruits and vegetables from 1965. Due to this change in operations, the name of the society was changed into Horticultural Producers Co-operative Marketing and Processing Society Ltd. An attempt is made in this paper to analyze the Role of HOPCOMS in socio-economic change of Farmer members in Mysore City.

Key words: HOPCOMS, socio-economic change, Mysore city.

International Journal of Enology and Viticulture ISSN: 2756-3685 Vol. 8 (4), pp. 001-006, April, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

International Journal of Enology and Viticulture ISSN: 2756-3685 Vol. 8 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Isolation and identification of the mycotoxigenic and non-mycotoxigenic fungi from foodstuff and feedstuff in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran

I. Gholampour Azizi*, S. Shateri and M. Mousavizadeh

Faculty of Veterinary Science, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.

Accepted 13 November, 2019

Abstract

Mycotoxin contamination in agricultural products is seriously dangerous to humans and animals. In this study samples were randomly selected from wheat flour, rice, spices, grape, raisin, cattle's farm and poultry feed in Mazandaran Province, Iran. They were isolated moulds from these samples in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Potato Dextrose Agar. In this study Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor spp., Rhizopus sp., Mortirella sp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Acremonium sp., Alternaria sp., Cladosporium spp., Geotrichum sp. and Absidia sp. were isolated from food and feed. The highest contaminations were associated to mycotoxigenic fungi. In northern Iran due to favorable aflatoxigenic moulds growth especially in cold seasons, some measures should be taken in production, processing and storage of food and feed.

Key words: Food, feed, fungi, mycotoxigenic.

International Journal of Enology and Viticulture ISSN: 2756-3685 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-012, February, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Agricultural land markets and land leasing in the Republic of Macedonia

Neda Petroska Angelovska¹, Marija Ackovska¹ and Štefan Bojnec²*

¹Institute of Economics, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.

²Faculty of Management, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia.

Accepted 17 April, 2019

Abstract

This paper aims to identify the driving force that shaped agricultural land structures, land market and land leasing in the Republic of Macedonia. Institutional developments and land reforms have so far been modest, and have not contributed to significant changes in agricultural ownership, operational structures, or land market and land leasing arrangements. Land ownership and land use are bimodal, consisting of several small-scale family farms and a few large-scale agricultural enterprises. The small family farms own and operate land on several small parcels, which is one of the major obstacles to the modernisation of family farm production. They produce food for household subsistence with mixed crop, fruit, vegetable, grapevine and livestock production. A considerable portion of the land is uncultivated, which affects land market and land leasing values. Due to underdeveloped institutional frameworks and market institutions in support of small-scale farms, a large proportion of state-owned land is rented by agricultural enterprises.

Key words: Agricultural land ownership, agricultural land operation, land market, price of land, rental values, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.

International Journal of Enology and Viticulture ISSN: 2756-3685 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2021. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of wine grapes and table grapes

Bin Du¹, Bao-Jiang He², Peng-Bao Shi³, Feng-Ying Li³, Jun Li³ and Feng–Mei Zhu³*

¹Analysis and Testing Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, 066600, P. R. China.

²Zhengzhou Tobacco Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China.

³School of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, 066600, P. R. China.

Accepted 13 October, 2019

Abstract

The polyphenols and total antioxidant activities of four wine grapes (Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabenet Franc, Merlot, Cabernet Gernischt) and four table grapes (Muscat, Red Globe, Vitis labruscana Kyoho, Milk grape) were determined and compared. The concentrations of phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanins and resveratrol of 8 grape varieties were examined. The antioxidant activity including diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·) scavenging, azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing power was evaluated. The results indicated that cabernet gernischt contained the highest total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total anthocyanin content with 257.0 ± 8.9, 607.7 ± 24.3 and 164.2 ± 6.1 mg/100 g, respectively. Merlot had the highest resveratrol content with 11.7 0.61 μg/100 g of fresh sample. The table grapes have less total phenolic, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin content. Cabernet sauvignon, cabernet gernischt and merlot possessed higher antioxidant capacity. On the contrary, the table grapes have less antioxidant capacity. Phenolic content of these fruits is significantly correlated with antioxidant capacity. These findings revealed that phytochemicals in the selected grapes have potent antioxidant activities.

Key words: Grape, phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin, antioxidant activity.

International Journal of Enology and Viticulture Vol. 7 (7), pp. 001-008, July, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

A new strategy for complete identification of 69 grapevine cultivars using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

M. Z. Zhao¹, Y. P. Zhang^2,3, W. M. Wu¹, C. Wang^2,3, Y. M. Qian¹, G. Yang^2,3 and J. G. Fang^2,3*

¹Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China.

²College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.

³Fruit Crop Genetic Improvement and Seedling Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.

Accepted 13 February, 2020

Abstract

DNA marker is a useful technique that has immense power in plant cultivar identification, which used to be the first preferential utility of any newly developed DNA marker technique. However, DNA markers have not been utilized well in the practice of plant identification, for which the bottleneck is no analysis methods available that can make the identification of plants with DNA marker easy, efficient and practical. We developed a novel approach called cultivar-identification-diagram (CID) strategy that can facilitate the utilization of DNA marker in the separation of plant individuals in a much better, efficient, practical, and referable manner. A CID was manually constructed with an intention of providing the polymorphic maker generated from each polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for sample separation. In this study, a total of 69 important grape cultivars cultivated in China were successfully separated with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker through the CID analysis strategy, with only seven 11nt primers being employed. The utilization of the CID of these 69 grapevine cultivars was also verified by identification of two randomly chosen groups of cultivars among the 69. The main advantages of this identification strategy include fewer primers used, and separation of all the cultivars from each other by the corresponding primers marked in the right position on the CID. This grapevine CID can provide information to separate any grapevine cultivars among the 69 studied, which can definitely be of great help in grapevine cultivar identification for cultivar-right-protection and to the grapevine nursery industry in China.

Key words: Grapevine, cultivar identification, new strategy.