African Journal of Virology Research

African Journal of Virology Research ISSN 2756-3413 Vol. 19 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluating Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Properties of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophilus from Traditional Turkish Yoghurts

Asli Akpinar, Oktay Yerlikaya* and Sevda Kiliç

Department of Dairy Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, 35100, Bornova – zmir, Turkey.

Accepted 1 November, 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitive effect of 25 Lactobacillus delbruecki ssp. bulgaricus and 16 Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from 30 different homemade yoghurts on several pathogen and contaminant bacteria. The antibiotic resistance of these bacteria was also determined. All of Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, whereas all of S. thermophilus strains exhibited the same activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. None of L. bulgaricus strains were resistant to the polymixin-B, only the OL4 strain has shown resistance to bacitracin. While some strains of S. thermophilus like C6 and SL4 exhibited resistance to novobiocin, SY72, M3, C1M, and F1M were shown to optochin. ET6 and SY73 strains were found to be resistant in both novobiocin and optochin.

Key words: Antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial activity, homemade yoghurt, lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus.
 

African Journal of Virology Research ISSN 2756-3413 Vol. 19 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Investigating Antibiotic Resistance Trends of Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitalized Patients: Insights from Andhra Pradesh

Rabbani Syed^1,2*, Giri Prasad¹, Farha Deeba^1,2, Rani D.¹, Kaiser Jamil^1,2 and Ali A. Alshatwi³

¹Department of Genetics, Bhagawan Manahir Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India.
²Central Research Institute for Unani Medicine, Hyderabad, India.
³Molecular Cancer Biology Research Lab(MCBRL) Dept. of Food Science and

Nutrition. College of Food and Agriculture Sciences King Saud University.

Accepted 23 October, 2024

Abstract

Nosocomial infections are one of the occupational biohazards that affect the health of individuals with or without predisposing factors. Staphylococcus aureus is associated with significantly higher mortality and is associated with community-acquired serious nosocomial infections because strains generally show multiple drug resistance, which limits treatment possibilities. A total of 1800 patients in the state of Andhra Pradesh were screened for the presence of Staphylococcus species and were tested for antibiotic resistance. The results indicated that among ten antibiotics used in the present study, Amikacin and Azithromycin should be the drug of choice to treat S. aureus infection. It was observed that the resistance of most of the antibiotics tested showed increased resistance with increasing age. These results suggest that clinicians should consider age as an important factor while prescribing these antibiotics.

Key words: Nosocomial, antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus aureus.
 

African Journal of Virology Research ISSN 2756-3413 Vol. 19 (1), pp. 001-004, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Integrating LAMP Assays for Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum: A Novel Method for Footrot Detection in Dairy Cattle

Sun D. B., Wu R., Guo D. H.*, He X. J., Zheng J. S., Wang J. F., Lin Y. C., Han X., Wang Y. Q. and Guo T. T.

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing 163319, P. R. China.

Accepted 1 October, 2024

Abstract

To investigate the presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum (F. necrophorum) and Dichelobacter nodosus (D. nodosus) in dairy cattle footrot, a loop -mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of D. nodosus (Dn-LAMP) was developed and evaluated using species-specific16S rRNA gene as target gene. The Dn-LAMP showed no cross reaction with several common pathogens from cattle, and detection limit of the Dn-LAMP was 10 cfu/mL of D. nodosus. Amplicons of the Dn-LAMP could be detected by visual inspection. 189 hoof swabs from footrot-infected dairy cows in Heilongjiang province of China were detected using Dn -LAMP and Fn-LAMP for diagnosis of F. necrophorum, respectively. In 189 hoof swabs, 9 were positive for D. nodosus, and 95 were positive for F. necrophorum. These data suggested that combination of Dn -LAMP with Fn-LAMP will have a potential use for etiology investigation of footrot in dairy cattle.

Key words: Dichelobacter nodosus, Fusobacterium necrophorum, LAMP.
 

African Journal of Virology Research ISSN 2756-3413 Vol. 19 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2025. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Sustainable Bioprocessing: Continuous Production of Butyric Acid via Immobilized Clostridium thermobutyricum on Corn Stalk

Wei Li¹, Hui-Juan Han² and Chun-hui Zhang³*

¹College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
²College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
³Henan Sansheng Pharmaceutical Industrial Co. Ltd., Xinxiang 453000, China.

Accepted 1 November, 2024

Abstract

Corn stalks were used as a support to immobilize Clostridium thermobutyricum in a fermentation process for butyric acid production. The effects of pH and acetic acid concentration on butyric acid production were examined in a steady- state 25-day continuous flow operation. A metabolic shift was induced by changing pH of the medium. The maximum and the minimum ratio of butyric acid and acetic acid produced in the fermentation process were achieved at pH 7.0 and 5.0, respectively, and the maximum yield of butyric acid was observed at pH 6.0. The addition of acetate in the medium has resulted in an increased butyric acid final concentration. The maximum total butyric acid concentration of 15.82 g/l was obtained at pH 6.0 with 10 g/l acetic acid concentration in the medium. The cell adsorption and morphology change during the growth phase on corn stalk support were examined by the scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

Key words: Butyric acid, corn stalk, immobilized cells, Clostridium thermobutyricum.

African Journal of Virology Research ISSN 2756-3413 Vol. 18 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Synergistic LAMP assays for identifying hoof swabs in dairy cattle affected by footrot

Sun D. B., Wu R., Guo D. H.*, He X. J., Zheng J. S., Wang J. F., Lin Y. C., Han X., Wang Y. Q. and Guo T. T.

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing 163319, P. R. China.

Accepted 1 November, 2023

Abstract

To investigate the presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum (F. necrophorum) and Dichelobacter nodosus (D. nodosus) in dairy cattle footrot, a loop -mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of D. nodosus (Dn-LAMP) was developed and evaluated using species-specific16S rRNA gene as target gene. The Dn-LAMP showed no cross reaction with several common pathogens from cattle, and detection limit of the Dn-LAMP was 10 cfu/mL of D. nodosus. Amplicons of the Dn-LAMP could be detected by visual inspection. 189 hoof swabs from footrot-infected dairy cows in Heilongjiang province of China were detected using Dn -LAMP and Fn-LAMP for diagnosis of F. necrophorum, respectively. In 189 hoof swabs, 9 were positive for D. nodosus, and 95 were positive for F. necrophorum. These data suggested that combination of Dn -LAMP with Fn-LAMP will have a potential use for etiology investigation of footrot in dairy cattle.

Key words: Dichelobacter nodosus, Fusobacterium necrophorum, LAMP.

African Journal of Virology Research ISSN 2756-3413 Vol. 18 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2024. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Bioconversion of corn stalks into butyric acid via continuous fermentation with clostridium thermobutyricum immobilization

Wei Li¹, Hui-Juan Han² and Chun-hui Zhang³*

¹College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
²College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
³Henan Sansheng Pharmaceutical Industrial Co. Ltd., Xinxiang 453000, China.

Accepted 1 October, 2023

Abstract

Corn stalks were used as a support to immobilize Clostridium thermobutyricum in a fermentation process for butyric acid production. The effects of pH and acetic acid concentration on butyric acid production were examined in a steady- state 25-day continuous flow operation. A metabolic shift was induced by changing pH of the medium. The maximum and the minimum ratio of butyric acid and acetic acid produced in the fermentation process were achieved at pH 7.0 and 5.0, respectively, and the maximum yield of butyric acid was observed at pH 6.0. The addition of acetate in the medium has resulted in an increased butyric acid final concentration. The maximum total butyric acid concentration of 15.82 g/l was obtained at pH 6.0 with 10 g/l acetic acid concentration in the medium. The cell adsorption and morphology change during the growth phase on corn stalk support were examined by the scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

Key words: Butyric acid, corn stalk, immobilized cells, Clostridium thermobutyricum.