International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 12 (5), pp. 001-004, May, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Commentary

Accepted 15 May, 2023

Title: Title: Antimicrobial Activity of Medicinal Plants against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Helmut Gold and Maria Oskar

Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Austria.

Abstract:

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a significant threat to public health worldwide. The limited effectiveness of conventional antibiotics has led to an urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries in traditional medicine due to their diverse bioactive compounds, including antimicrobial agents. This commentary article aims to provide an overview of the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity, medicinal plants, multidrug-resistant bacteria, alternative therapeutics, bioactive compounds.

Introduction:

Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major concern in healthcare settings, as they are capable of evading the effects of multiple antibiotics. This resistance is often mediated by various mechanisms, such as efflux pumps, target site modifications, and enzymatic inactivation. The limited availability of effective antibiotics has prompted researchers to explore alternative sources for antimicrobial agents.

Medicinal plants have long been recognized for their therapeutic potential and have been used in traditional medicine systems across different cultures. These plants contain a wide array of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, which possess antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants can be attributed to their ability to disrupt bacterial cell membranes, inhibit essential enzymes, or interfere with bacterial DNA replication.

Discussion:

Numerous studies have investigated the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria. For instance, (Reference 1) conducted a study on the efficacy of plant extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results showed that extracts from plants such as garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and turmeric (Curcuma longa) exhibited significant inhibitory effects against MRSA strains.

Similarly, (Reference 2) evaluated the antimicrobial potential of plant extracts against extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. The study found that extracts from plants such as neem (Azadirachta indica), aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis), and tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) displayed potent antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing E. coli strains.

Furthermore, (Reference 3) investigated the antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). The study revealed that extracts from plants such as oregano (Origanum vulgare), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) exhibited significant inhibitory effects against CRE strains.

These studies highlight the potential of medicinal plants as alternative sources of antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The diverse range of bioactive compounds present in these plants offers a promising avenue for the development of novel therapeutics.

Conclusion:

The antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria holds great promise in combating the global threat of antibiotic resistance. The bioactive compounds present in these plants have demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against various resistant bacterial strains. However, further research is needed to identify and isolate specific active compounds responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity. Additionally, standardization of extraction methods and formulation techniques is crucial to ensure consistent efficacy and safety.

In conclusion, medicinal plants represent a valuable resource for the discovery and development of novel antimicrobial agents. Their potential to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria warrants further investigation and exploration.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 12 (4), pp. 001-010, April, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Phytonutrients content and biological activities of fruits of Diospyros mespiliformis Hoschst ex A.DC (Ebenaceae) used in the treatment of gastroenteritis and gastroduodenal ulcer in Burkina Faso

Ramde-Tiendrebeogo Alphonsine^{1, 4}*, Bado David², Yoda Jules¹, Compaore Moussa², Kini Felix¹, Kiendrebeogo Martin², Guissou I. Pierre³ and Guisse Aliou⁴

¹Department of Traditional Medicine and Pharmacopoeia-Pharmacy, Research Institute in Health Sciences, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (MEPHATRA-PH, IRSS), (CNRST), 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.

²Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry, Joseph KI-ZERBO University, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.

³St Thomas d’Aquin University, Faculty of Health Sciences (USTA), 06 BP 10212 Ouagadougou 06 Burkina Faso.

⁴International Research Laboratory IRL 3189 Environment, Health, Societies (CNRST, USTTB, UCAD, UGB, CNRS).

Accepted 14 April, 2023

Abstract

Digestive disorders occupy the second place of the major health problems in Burkina Faso. The fruits of Diospyros mespiliformis are used in recipes to treat gastroenteritis and gastroduodenal ulcer. Phytonutrients content was evaluated by specific reagents and biological activities by antiradical and antibacterial test. The fruit seed of Diospyros mespiliformis had the best antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.04 mg/mL) due to its content of total phenolic compounds (5.75 ± 0.6 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (0.78 ± 0.27 mg RE/g), hydrolyzable and condensed tannins (3.56 ± 0.03 mg TAE/g; 1.28 ± 0.42 mg CE/g) compared to the pulp whose content were 3.36 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g ; 0.46 ± 0.26 mg RE/g; 1.78 ± 0.35 mg TAE/g and 0.56 ± 0.11 mg CE/g respectively for total phenolic, flavonoids, hydrolysable and condensed tannins. The fruit seed had the best content of macronutrients (Na, K, Mg) and showed important antibacterial activity against E. coli. The fruit pulp had the best content of vitamin C, b-carotene and vitamin E, being 22.0 ± 0.01mg/100g; 0.007 ± 0.03 mg/100g and 0.119 ± 0.02 mg/100g respectively. The results constitute scientific prerequisites for the development of new functional foods and phytomedicines in the management of digestive disorders. 

Key words: Digestive diseases, medicinal plant, radical scavenging, mineral elements, nutraceutical.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 12 (3), pp. 001-004, March, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Use of Jatropha gossypifolia stem latex as a haemostatic agent: how safe is it?

T. Oduola^1*, G. B. Popoola¹, O. G. Avwioro², T. A. Oduola³, A.A. Ademosun¹ and M. O. Lawal¹

¹Department of Haematology, Special Investigations Laboratory, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

²Department of Histopathology, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex Ile-Ife, Nigeria

³Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Accepted 17 January, 2023

Abstract

The stem latex of Jatropha grossypifolia is routinely used by local and some urban dwellers in Southern Nigeria to stop bleeding from nose, gum and injured skin. Safety of its use was investigated in different groups of wistar albino rats using different doses of the latex. Different numbers of incisions were made on the thighs of different groups of animals and different doses of the stem latex applied. The procedure was repeated on daily basis for 18 days. The control group was not incised. The animals were sacrificed and the effect of the stem latex on blood biochemistry and haematology were assessed using standard techniques. There were no statistical significant differences (P>0.05) in the result of biochemical and haematological parameters obtained for the control and experimental animals. The findings of this study showed that the stem latex of Jatropha gossypifolia has no harmful effects.

Key words: Safety, Jatropha gosssypifolia, stem latex, biochemical, haematological, parameters.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Influence of bio-fertilizers on the biomass production and nutrient content of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. cultivated in the subtropics of India

Kuntal Das^1*, Raman Dang², Thippenahalli Narayanappa Shivananda³, Nazım Sekeroglu⁴

¹St. John’s College of Pharmacy, 6, R.P.C Lay out, Vijaya Nagar, Bangalore-40, India.

²Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Opp. Lalbagh Main Gate, Bangalore-27, India.

³Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-80, India.

⁴Ordu University Agricultural Faculty, Field Crops Department, 52200, Ordu- Turkey.

Accepted 17 November, 2022

Abstract

A pot culture experiment was conducted at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghata, Bangalore, India to study the effect of bio-fertilizers on the biomass yield and NPK content in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana). The results show the yield and NPK content in stevia plant has been found to be increased initially and thereafter, the amount of the same decreased with the progress of plant growth up to 60 days with the combined treatment of bio-fertilizers rather than individual treatment. This is due to their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (symbiotic and asymbiotic) and transform native soil nutrients likely phosphorus, zinc, copper, iron, sulfur from the non -usable (fixed) to usable form and decompose organic wastes through biological processes which in turn releases nutrients in a form which can be easily assimilated by plants resulting in an increase in biomass production of stevia plant.

Key words: Azospirillum (AZO), bio-fertilizer, phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB), Stevia rebaudiana, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM)

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 12 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2023. © International Scholars Journals

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 12 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2023. © International Scholars Journals