International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 15 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluating the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-hyperalgesic Properties of Stachys athorecalyx in CFA-Induced Rat Models

SH. Rezazadeh¹, J. Zaringhalam²*, H. Manaheji², A. Kebryaeezadeh³

1Institute of Medicinal plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Accepted 25 November, 2025

This study was aimed at investigating the possible anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of pre-treatment and short term (6 days) administration of Stachys athorecalyx extracts during CFA- induced inflammation in male Wistar rats. Both methanolic and defatted extracts prepared from aerial parts of the plant were examined. The results showed dose related response in decreasing hyperalgesia and inflammation. The effective doses of both extracts were 100 mg/kg. The plant extracts were more potent in decreasing hyperplasia and inflammation compared with the standard drug (Indomethacin). By increasing the dose up to 200 mg/kg, there were no significant differences in pharmacological activities. Our results suggested that, aerial part of S. athorecalyx extracts suppress hyperalgesia and edema associated with acute and chronic CFA-induced inflammation.

Key words: Stachys athorecalyx, hyperalgesia, anti-inflammatory, CFA-induced inflammation.
 

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 15 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Micromorphological Keys to Identifying Plant Fragments in Powdered Herbal Drugs

Adeniyi A. Jayeola

Department of Botany and Microbilogy, University of Ibadan. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: (+234) 08023210656.

Accepted 25 November, 2025

Oven dry powdered samples of 6 medicinal plant species were studied anatomically in search of micomorphological characters to identify the original plants used in the preparation. Moistened head of the needle was used to transfer samples unto a labeled glass slide containing 1 - 2 drops of water and glycerol/ethanolTS; covered with cover slip and warmed gently to remove air bubbles. Samples were observed under the microscope in search of intact whole tissues and cells which could be used to identify the species of plant. The main characteristics of the fragments recovered from the samples are, sclereid tissue system and long, branching non-septate fibre of Teprapluera tetraptera (Shum and Thonn.) Taubs; compound bundle sheath in Cymbopon citratus (DC.) Stapf; epidermal furrow and ridges and densely-rayed druses in Hibiscus sabdarifa Linn. ; spindle shaped epidermal cells in Cajanu cajans (Linn.). Millsp; sinous anticlinal wall in Cucuma longa L. and annular type tracheary elements in Azadiracthta indica. There is a suggestion that an examination by microscopy can provide a form of identification of herbal constituent from a prepared remedy.

Key words: Medicinal plant species, Cymbopon citratus, Azadiracthta indica.
 

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 15 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Orthogonal Extraction Optimization and Anti-Fatigue Evaluation of Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum

Longjun Jing^1,2*, Guowen Cui³, Qiang Feng¹ and Yuanshi Xiao¹

¹Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan Province, 655011, People’s Republic of China.
²Beijing Sport University□Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China.
³Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan Province, 653100, People’s Republic of China.

Accepted 25 October, 2025

Yield of polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum obtained by hot water and followed by precipitation with ethanol extraction through an orthogonal experiment were investigated to get the best extraction conditions. The results showed that the highest yield was obtained when extraction temperature, extraction time and ratio of solvent to raw material were 93°C, 4.3 h and 43, respectively. The anti- athletic fatigue activities of polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum were evaluated by the weight- loaded swimming model in mice. The results showed that polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum have noticeable anti-athletic fatigue effect on mice. It prolonged the weight-loaded swimming time, prevent the increase of blood lactic acid of mice after swimming and increase the content of hepatic glycogen of mice after swimming. The strongest effect on most biomarkers was seen with 60 mg/kg dose.

Key words: Polysaccharides from lycium barbarum, orthogonal experiment, anti-athletic fatigue, extraction.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 15 (2), pp. 001-004, February, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Phytochemical Profiling and Antibacterial Efficacy of Cucurbita pepo and Brassica nigra Seed Oils

R. K. Obi1*, F. C. Nwanebu1, U. U. Ndubuisi2 and N. M. Orji3

1Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
2Department of Microbiology, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
3Department of Biological Sciences, Anambra State University, Uli, P. O. Box 02, Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Accepted 15 November, 2025

The oils of 2 seeds, Brassica nigra (black mustard) and Curcubita pepo (flutted pumpkin) obtained from St. Paul’s catholic church, Owerri and Ihiagwa market respectively, were extracted using the Soxhlet extractor. The antibacterial activities of the extracted oils on 2 fresh hospital isolates, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherischia coli were determined using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method of sensitivity testing. Results obtained showed that the oil from C. pepo produced a higher zone of inhibition of 60% on S. aureus which is higher than that of the oil of B. nigra with a zone of inhibition of 40%. However, these 2 oil extracts showed similar inhibitory effects on E. coli. Results of phytochemical analyses of the extracts reveal that the oil from C. pepo contains tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cyanogenic glycosides and cardiac glycosides, while the oil from B. nigra consists of tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. These seeds, apart from their roles as food additives and supplements, they may also be utilized as effective and cheap sources of antibacterial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Key words: Oil, Escherischia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial, Curcubita pepo, Brassica nigra.
 

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 15 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Ceratoside: A Novel Acylated Flavonol Glycoside Isolated from Ceratonia siliqua Seeds

A. Gohar*, S. R. Gedara and H. N. Baraka

Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.

Accepted 7 September, 2025

New flavonol glycoside, 4`-p-hydroxybenzoylisorhamnetin-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranoside named cerato- side (5), together with the known kaempferol-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranoside (afzelin) (3), quercetin-3-O-a-L- arabinofuranoside (auriculain) (4) quercetin-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), β-sitosterol (1) and β- sitosterol-3-O-b-D-glucoside (2) were isolated for the first time from Ceratonia siliqua L. seeds. The identity of these compounds was established through UV, IR, MS and NMR spectral data. The antioxidant activity of the organic solvent fractions together with some isolated compounds were carried out and showed significant results.

Key words: Ceratonia siliqua, carob, flavonol glycosides, antioxidants
 

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 15 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2026. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antiviral Efficacy of Salvia cedronella Boiss Extracts and Essential Oil

Ahmet Alim¹*, Ismihan Goze², Hamdi Murat Goze³, Bektas Tepe⁴ and Julia Serkedjieva⁵

¹Public Health Laboratory, Sivas Health Directorate, TR-58050, Sivas, Turkey.
²Vocational School of Health Services, Cumhuriyet University, TR-58140, Sivas, Turkey.
³Yeditepe University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Chemical, TR-34755, Istanbul, Turkey.

⁴Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, TR-58140, Sivas, Turkey.
⁵Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, Bulgaria

Accepted 12 October, 2025

The essential oil and various extracts obtained from Salvia cedronella Boiss have been evaluated for their possible in vitro antimicrobial and antiviral capacities. The GC-EIMS analysis of the essential oil was resulted in detection of 92 components representing 96.1% of the oil. Major components were 1,8- cineole, a-pinene, caryophyllene oxide and sabinene. In the case of antimicrobial activity, hexane and dichloromethane extracts did not show any effects. Methanolic extract and essential oil exhibited various degrees of activity against the tested microorganisms. The antiviral potential of the plant samples was screened in 2 model systems namely; reproduction of 2 influenza viruses in MDCK cells and of 2 herpes simplex viruses in MDBK cells. The methanol extract showed a good anti-influenza virus effect, the growth of both A/Weybridge and A/Aichi was reduced significantly. This extract also exhibited anti-herpetic activity. Amount of the total phenolics was very high in methanol extract. It was followed by dichloromethane. This extract has also been found to be rich in flavonoids. A positive correlation was observed between biological activity potential and amount of phenolic compounds of the extracts.

Key words: Salvia cedronella, antimicrobial, antiviral, essential oil, extract.