International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (10), pp. 001-006, October, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Borassus flabellifer L. male flowers (inflorescences) in experimental animals

Mahesh S. Paschapur¹*, M. B. Patil ², Ravi Kumar³ and Sachin R. Patil³

¹Department of Pharmacology, K. L. E.S’s College of Pharmacy, Ankola-581314, Karnataka, India.

²Department of Pharmacognosy, K. L. E.S’s College of Pharmacy, Ankola-581314, Karnataka, India.

³Department of Pharmaceutics, K. L. E.S’s College of Pharmacy, Ankola-581314, Karnataka, India.

Accepted 21 August, 2020

Abstract

Borassus flabellifer L. (Arecaceae) had been widely used for its reported biological activities in indige-nous system of medicine. The present investigation was carried out to find the effect of ethanolic extract of male flowers (inflorescences) of Borassus flabellifer for its anti-inflammatory activity in ro-dents. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using acute inflammatory models like; carrageenan-induced paw oedema and chronic models like; cotton-pellet induced granuloma and carrageenan-induced air-pouch model in rats. The biochemical parameters like serum glutamate pyruvate trans-aminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), lipid per oxidation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were also estimated as supportive studies. Oral administration of the extract at the doses 150 and 300 mg/kg b.w. exhibited dose dependent and significant anti-inflammatory activity in acute (carrageenan- induced hind paw oedema, p < 0.0001) and chronic (cotton pellet granuloma and carrageenan-induced air-pouch models, p < 0.0001) of inflammation. The extract also showed signi-ficant (p < 0.0001) results for biochemical parameters. Hence, present investigation established some pharmacological evidences to support the folklore claim that B. flabellifer L. is used as anti-inflam-matory agent.

Key words: Borassus flabellifer L., inflorescences, male flowers, anti-inflammatory, ethanolic extract, SGOT, SGPT, lipid per oxidation, ALP.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial investigations of the stem bark and leaves of Psidum guajava L.

I. Elekwa*, S. C. Okereke and B. O. Ekpo

Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria.

Accepted 12 April, 2020

Abstract

Extracts (ethanol, methanol and aqueous) of the leaves and stem barks of Psidum guajava L were studied for their phytochemical constituents. Results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids (all the extracts), saponins (ethanol and methanol), cardenolides with steroided rings, and cardenolides with deoxy sugar (all the extracts). Thin layer chromatographic separation of ethanol and methanol extracts gave three spots each with Rf values ranging from 0.60 – 0.70. Only the aqueous extract inhibited Bacillus subtilis and Fusarium spp. The presence of these constituents tends to support the uses of this plant medicinally.

Key words: Alkaloid, cardenolides, extracts, saponin.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (9), pp. 001-010, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Genes involved in the anti-cancer effect of a potent new compound boehmeriasin A on breast cancer cell

Haiyan Wei¹, Jufang Yan^2,3*, Jianyu Liu², Dixiang Luo², Jian Zhang² and Xiaoping Gao²

¹State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China.

²Institute of materia medica, Di Ao Pharmaceutical Group, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China.

³Chengdu Institute of Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China.

Accepted 12 July, 2020

Abstract

Boehmeriasin A is a new compound showing good anticancer effect on breast cancer cell: MDA-MB-231 in vitro. The anti-cancer effect of it was revealed by gene chip and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Totally, there are 328 genes of differential expression obtained from gene chip analysis. Two subtractive libraries were constructed and 163 EST cDNA clones were screened out. RT-PCR, virtual Northern, Northern and Western blot were applied to confirm the result. In conclusion, Boehmeriasin A lowered the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, while promoted expression of some differentiation related genes. This study supplies further evidence that boehmeriasin A inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells through inducing differentiation. In addition, the compound may lead to cell growth arrested via restraining the expression of genes related to cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation. Expression of genes involved in TGF- 1 signal transduction were varied, suggesting the effect of boehmeriasin A is closely associated with TGF- 1 pathway.

Key words: Boehmeriasin A, anti-cancer, SSH, gene chip.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Improved invitro plant regeneration and micro propagation of Rehmannia glutinosa L.

Sang Un Park¹, Yong Kyoung Kim¹ and Sook Young Lee²*

¹Division of Plant Science and Resources, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.

²Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-Dong, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea.

Accepted 24 August, 2020

Abstract

The establishment of an efficient protocol for plant regeneration and micropropagation from leaf cultures of Rehmannia glutinosa L. is reported. The regenerated shoots obtained from leaf cultures on solid MS medium containing different concentractions of TDZ. The highest number of shoots per explant (2.1) and shoot growth (1.2 cm) was obtained on MS medium containing 1 mg/L TDZ. The addition of 0.1 mg/L NAA and 3g/L Gelrite in MS medium containing 1 mg/L TDZ substantially improved the shoot regeneration of R. glutinosa. The rooted plants were hardened and transferred to soil with a 73% survival rate. The continuous production of R. glutinosa regenerated plants could be used as a possible micropropagation system.

Key words: Micropropagation, plant regeneration, shoot organogenesis, Rehmannia glutinosa L.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (9), pp. 001-007, September, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Phenolics from Spirulina maxima: Over-production and in vitro protective effect of its phenolics on CCl₄ induced hepatotoxicity

Hanaa H. Abd El-Baky¹*, Farouk K. El Baz¹ and Gamal S. El-Baroty²

¹Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.

²Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.

Accepted 14 July, 2020

Abstract

This study illustrates the process of enhancing phenolics synthesis in Spirulina maxima grown in Zarrouk’s medium supplemented with sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) and/or phenylalanine (L-PA); attaining highest production were obtained in medium containing 3.77 gL^-1 NaNO₃ and 100 mgL ^-1 L-PA. HPLC profile showed the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids predominantly with gallate, chlorogenate, cinnamate, pinostrobate and p-OH-benzoates. The protective action of Spirulina phenolic compounds (SPC) against CCl₄-induced in vitro, hepato-toxicity symptoms like microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical formation were studied. SPC exhibited antioxidant effects on DPPH radical scavenging with IC₅₀ values ranging from 23.22 to 35.62 µg.mL^-1 and inhibited CCl₄-induced lipid peroxidation in hepato-microsoms model, in dose-depended manner. Their protective potential was comparable to that of standard phenolic antioxidants such as BHT, BHA and –tocopherol (IC₅₀ values ranged from 13.22 to 23.62 µg.mL^-1).

Key words: Spirulina maxima, antioxidant activity, carbon tetrachloride, hepatoprotective effects.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (8), pp. 001-004, August, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts having hepatoprotective effects

Ammara Hassan, Salma Rahman, Farah Deeba and Shahid Mahmud

Applied Chemistry Research Centre, PCSIR Labs. Complex, Ferozpur Road, Lahore, Pakistan.

Accepted 19 July, 2020

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of hot water and ethanolic extracts of six plant extracts, utilized in Pakistan for the cure of liver damage, were studied. The extracts of Acacia arabica, Nymphaea lotus, Sphareranthus hirtus, Emblica officinalis, Cinchorium intybus and Cardus marianum were tested in vitro against seven bacterial species and two fungal species by well-diffusion method and micro-dilution methods. The patterns of inhibition varied with the plant extracts, the solvent used for extraction and the organisms tested. Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeroginosa were the most inhibited microorganisms. The extract of Sphareranthu hirtus was the most active against multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterohemorrhagic E. coli 0157 EHEC. The ethanolic extract of S. hirtus exhibited a higher effect than the hot water extract. These plants extracts were analyzed for elemental composition.

Key words: Antimicrobial agents, plant extracts, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157 EHEC, multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, elemental composition.