International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 6 (5), pp. 337-345, May, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of plant growth regulators on callus multiplication and in vitro plant regeneration in Bacopa monnieri L.

Anita Mehta

Department  of  Botany, Ranchi  Women' s  College, Ranchi  University,  Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 25 April, 2017

Abstract

Current   investigation  deals  with the  tissue culture  studies  on Bacopa monnieri  which  has  very  high  morphogenic  potential.  Its leaf explants   respond very readily to treatment with auxins and cytokinins. Indefinite  number  of  plantlets  were  regenerated  from  leaf  margin, without  intervening  callus  on  Murashige & Skoog (MS)  medium  supplemented  with  indole-3- acetic acid (IAA)  and  kinetin (KN).  Green  embryogenic  callus  with  indefinite   number  of  micro shoots  were  developed on  naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)  supplemented  medium  when  2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)  grown  stem-derived  callus  was  sub-cultured.  During  present  investigation, stem (internode, node) explants exhibited  callus  induction,   whereas,  leaf  explant  showed  a  tendency  to  regenerate  shoot  and/or  roots.   In vitro  grown  plantlets  were transferred  to  polypots  containing  sterile  cocopeat  and  then  series  of  steps  were  carried  out  for  acclimatization.  Survival  rate  was  100%  when  acclimatized  plantlets  were  transferred  to  soil. Micro-propagated plantlets were without any morphological abnormalities.

Keywords: Bacopa monnieri, callus, IBA, IAA, KN, 2,4-D, NAA, embryoids, acclimatization.

Keywords: Ethnobotanical, ulcer, ethanol, antiulcerogenic, wistar rats.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 6 (3), pp. 328-331, March, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of secondary and micronutrients on growth, yield parameters and nutrient uptake of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Raghu MS*, Manjunatha Chari K, Tuppad GB and Upperi SN

Department of Soil Science and Agriculture, Chemistry College of Agriculture, UAS, Dharwad-5, Karnataka.

*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 12 October, 2013

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of secondary and micronutrients on growth, yield parameters and nutrient uptake of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The results revealed that the highest seed yield was recorded in the treatment with application of T₈ (RDF + secondary nutrients + micronutrients + cow urine spray at 30 and 50 DAS) (1391.73 kg ha^-1) and it was significantly superior over T₁ (1166.66 kg ha^-1) and T₄ (1263.21 kg ha^-1) but on par with the rest of treatments. The Highest total dry matter accumulation was observed in treatment T₈(RDF + secondary nutrients + micronutrients and cow urine spray at 30 and 50 DAS) (4117.67 kg ha^-1) and significantly superior over T₁ (3444 kg ha^-1), T₃(3462 kg ha^-1), T₄ (3490 kg ha^-1)and T₇(3541 kg ha^-1) but it was on par with other treatment. Significantly highest growth parameters noticed in T₈ than others treatments. The application with T₈: RDF + secondary nutrients + micronutrients and cow urine spray at 30 and 50 DAS, recorded, higher uptake of Nitrogen (76.92 kg ha^-1), Phosphorous (13.87 kg ha^-1) andPotassium (72.48 kg ha^-1). Significantly higher seed oil content (38.44 per cent) and oil yield (535 kg ha^-1) in application of secondary and micronutrients along with RDF (T₈) compared to control (35.34 percent and 413 kg ha^-1 respectively).

Keywords: Secondary nutrient, micronutrients, nutrient uptake, yield parameters, sunflower.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 6 (2), pp. 318-327, February, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Phyto-morphological overview of medicinal plant: Melia Azedarach Linn

Kaushal Kanwer Shekhawat*, DV Rao and Amla Batra

Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004, India.

Accepted 24 December, 2013

*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Melia azedarach Linn. (Family: Meliaceae) is a shrub or small evergreen, medium-sized deciduous tree. It grows in temperate and tropical countries like India, China, and Japan. The plant requires a wide range of soil, acid to alkaline and it needs moderate moisture level. It is also known as pride of India and Persian lilac having a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. It is one kind of medicine in the Ayurvedic system. This plant is considered as a multipurpose tree because of its multidirectional and widespread uses in medicine, therapeutics and other economic implications. This paper describes the plant’s medicinal aspects and chemical constituents in its different parts. This paper also provides brief information of plant bioprospecting and its launched market products.

Keywords: Melia azedarach Linn., pharmacological activity, medicinal plant, ayurveda, phyto-morphological. 

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 6 (1), pp. 312-317, January, 2017. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trigonella Foenum Graecum and the determination of their antimicrobial activity

Jithesh Pooloth

Department of Biochemistry, Dr. NGP Arts and Science College Coimbatore, Bharathiar University, India.

E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: 09446389039

Accepted 05 January, 2013

Abstract

Generally, nanoparticles are prepared by a variety of chemical methods which are not environmentally friendly. Use of plants in the synthesis of nanoparticles is quite novel leading to truly green chemistry which provided advancement over chemical and physical method as it is cost effective and environmentally-friendly. We have reported a fast, convenient and extracellular method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by reducing silver nitrate with the help of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella Foenum Graecum) extract. The characterization of nanoparticles was done by using UV- Vis Spectrophotometer. The morphology of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) and X Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD). The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles were studied against E.coli, Streptococcus Pneumonia, Proteus Vulgaris, Pseudomonas Aeruginosaand Staphylococcus Aureus  comparing with the standard drug Ampicilin.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, biological synthesis, fenugreek seed extract, SEM, XRD, antibacterial activity, E.coli, Streptococcus Pneumonia, Proteus Vulgaris, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Staphylococcus Aureus, Ampicilin curve.

International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN: 2169-303X Vol. 5 (6), pp. 307-311, June, 2016. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Examination of the characteristic, clinical manifestations and epileptic profile in Yemeni patients

Adnan al-Duwaish¹* and Khalid al-Jubeir²

¹Neurology Department, Neurological Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, P. O. Box: 11215, Republic of Yemen.

²Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, P. O. Box: 11215, Republic of Yemen.

E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 15 May, 2016

Abstract 

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide. More than 80% of people with epilepsy (PWE) live in tropical and subtropical areas with low income countries. Comparing to high income countries, the prevalence of epilepsy in low income countries amounted into ten times higher and the incidence rate was twice that of high income countries. The aim of the present study is to investigate and examine the characteristic, clinical manifestations and epileptic profile in Yemeni patients who were referred to the Neurological Center in Sana'a city. The clinical data of patients who were referred to the Neurological Center at Sana'a city with focal or generalized seizures were consecutively, systematically, and prospectively recorded in a database and reviewed by the investigators from January 2010 to December 2013. For all the patients, a pre-coded data form was completed to collect the demographic data relevant history, neurological examination, and EEG and CT findings. All the EEG records were read by the same electroencephalographic. A total of 500 patients with epilepsy were seen during the study period (266 males and 234 females). The age ranged from 1 year to 65 years. 99 patients were younger than 6 years, 184 (36.8%) aged between 6-15 years, while 129 (25.8%) are aged between 16-25 years. 115 patients with epilepsy have family history of epilepsy and 96 patients did not know about the epilepsy in his/her family. The most obvious association between epilepsy and risk factors were febrile convulsion which accounted for 13.6%, head trauma in 11.2% and CNS infections. The predominant seizure was classified as generalized in 355 patients (71%), as partial in 109 (21.8%) and unclassified in 36 (7.2%). This study threw light shadow on the importance of epilepsy in Yemen and further wide community studies are required to obtain comprehensive and accurate information on these disorders.

Key words: Epilepsy, pattern, clinical manifestation, Yemen.