ISSN 2169-303X
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 7 (5), pp. 383-386, May, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Evaluation of the phytochemical components of some Nigerian medicinal plants
H.O. Edeoga1*, D. E. Okwu2 and B.O Mbaebie1
1Departments of Biological Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike P.M.B 7267,Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.
2Deapartment of Chemical Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike P.M.B 7267,Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.
*Corresponding Author Email: [email protected].
Accepted 09 June, 2017
Abstract
Alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroid, terpenoid, flavonoids, phlobatannin and cardic glycoside distribution in ten medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared. The medicinal plants investigated were Cleome nutidosperma, Emilia coccinea, Euphorbia heterophylla, Physalis angulata, Richardia bransitensis, Scopania dulcis, Sida acuta, Spigelia anthelmia, Stachytarpheta cayennensis and Tridax procumbens. All the plants were found to contain alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids except for the absence of tannins in S. acuta and flavonoids in S. cayennsis respectively. The significance of the plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of these chemical constituents were discussed with respect to the role of these plants in ethnomedicine in Nigeria.
Keywords: Medicinal plants, ethnomedicine, phytochemical constituents.
H.O. Edeoga*, D. E. Okwu and B.O Mbaebie
Page: 383 - 386
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 7 (2), pp. 366-370, February, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of certain medicinal plants against human immunodeficiency virus
Pascal Obong Bessong1, 2*, Chikwelu Larry Obi2, Eunice Igumbor2, Marie-Line Andreola3, Simon Litvak3
1Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, P.O Box 801379 Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Venda for Science and Technology. PMB X5050 Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
3REGER, UMR-5097 CNRS, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux 2, Rue Leo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux, France.
*Corresponding author. E-Mail: [email protected]. Tel: +1 434924 9672 ,Fax: +1 434 977 5323
Accepted 14 April, 2017
Abstract
Crude extracts of three ethnobotanically selected medicinal plants were screened for activity against two functions of human immunodeficiency type 1 reverse transcriptase. Inhibition of the RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity was evaluated by measuring the degree of incorporation of methyl-3H thymidine triphosphate using polyadenylic acid.oligodeoxythymidylic acid as a template primer. Ribonuclease H activity was evaluated by measuring the extent of degradation of a radiolabelled RNA in an RNA/DNA hybrid by reverse transcriptase in the presence of test substance. The methanol extract of the leaves of Terminalia sericea (Combretaceae) was found to strongly inhibit the polymerase (IC50 = 7.2 µg/ml) and the ribonuclease H (IC50 = 8.1 µg/ml) activities. Isolation and characterization of a possible active molecule is warranted.
Key words: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase; inhibition; crude extracts; medicinal plants; Terminalia sericea; South Africa.
Eunice Igumbor, Pascal Obong Bessong*, Marie-Line Andreola and Simon Litvak, Chikwelu Larry Obi
Page: 366 - 370
Review
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 7 (3), pp. 371-375, March, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Micropropagation protocols for the mass propagation of over-exploited medicinal plants in South Africa
Afolayan A. J.1* and Adebola P. O.2
1 Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
2Plant Breeding Group, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, PMB 5244, Ibadan, Nigeria.
*Correspondence author. E-mail: [email protected]; Tel./Fax +2740 6022323;
Accepted 06 July, 2017
Abstract
South Africa has a very rich plant biodiversity, many of which are medicinally useful. The rich resource is decreasing at an alarming rate as a result of over-exploitation. Plant in vitro regeneration is a biotechnological tool that offers a potential solution to this problem as it provides a means of putting the plants onto the market at lower prices. We present in this paper a review of micro propagation protocols developed for selected medicinal plants of South Africa and highlight the need for the utilization of this technology for the mass propagation of over-exploited medicinal plants in South Africa.
Key words: Tissue culture, protocols, micro propagation, medicinal plants, herbal medicine.
Adebola P. O., Afolayan A. J.*
Page: 371 - 375
Short Communication
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 7 (1), pp. 363-365, January, 2018. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Evaluation of some medicinal plants used in the treatment of trypanosomosis in Northern Nigeria
Wurochekke A.U.1 and Nok A.J.2*
1Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria.
2Biochemistry Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
*Correspondingauthor. E-Mail: [email protected].
Accepted 03 December, 2016
Abstract
The in vitro trypanocidal activity of 13 medicinal plants used by local herdsmen in Northern Nigeria for the treatment of trypanosomosis was investigated. Forty-four different extracts prepared from the 13 plants were screened for in vitro activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Four of the extracts showed activity against the parasite at minimum concentration of 8.3 mg/ml of blood.
Key words: Medicinal plants, trypanosomosis, Trypanosoma brucei brucei.
Wurochekke A.U., Nok A.J.*
Page: 363 - 365
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 6 (6), pp. 355-362, September, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Assessment of hazardous metal load in soils and medicinal plants samples from Suame Magazine, Kumasi
Kofi Sarpong and Emmanuel Dartey
Faculty of Science and Environment Education, University of Education, Winneba P.O.BOX 40, Asante-Mampong.
*Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected]
Accepted 31 July, 2017
Abstract
The presence of non-essential hazardous metals lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) deleterious to biota were analyzed in samples (soil and medicinal plants) obtained from Suame Magazine by employing atomic absorption spectrometry. Soil samples were contaminated and their geo-accumulation indices were: Zone 1, Pb (Igeo=1.67, moderate), Cd (Igeo=2.30, moderate to strong) and As (Igeo=2.05, moderate to strong); Zone 2, Pb (Igeo=2.91, moderate to strong), Cd (Igeo=2.33, moderate to strong) and As (Igeo=2.11, moderate to strong) and Zone 3, Pb (Igeo=0.782, uncontaminated to moderate), Cd (Igeo=1.92, moderate) and As (Igeo=2.01, moderate to strong). Soil Pb, Cd and As levels ranged (2.02 - 480.05), (0.16- 1.51) and (0.05-0.85) µgg-1respectively. The range of toxic metal concentrations recorded for medicinal plants (roots and barks) were: Pb (2.04 - 93.48), Cd (0.16 -3.76) and As (0.01 - 1.12) µgg-1. Medicinal plants tendency to accumulate and translocate Pb, Cd and As were estimated by employing Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Translocation Factor (TF) and Bioaccumulation Coefficient (BAC). Range of values recorded for BAC, TF and BCF respectively were: Pb (0.02 - 13.33), Cd (0.80 - 17.26) and As (0.03 - 19.60); Pb (0.15 - 8.72), Cd (0.23 - 7) and As (0.02-19.60); and Pb (0.02-46.28), Cd (0.39-14.25) and As (0.03-20.60). The hazardous metal content in some medicinal plants from the zones studied were found to be above WHO MPL, thus, regular screening is a must to check the levels of these pollutants in the plant parts and extracts before consumption.
Key words: Bioconcentration Factor, Translocation Factor, Bioaccumulation Coefficient, Geo-accumulation index, Medicinal plant.
Emmanuel Dartey, Kofi Sarpong
Page: 355 - 362
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 6 (5), pp. 346-354, May, 2017. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antidiabetic activity guided screening and characterization of fagonia indica
1Majid Malik*, 1,2Abu Omer, 3Abdullah Sharif, 4Lais Fatemi, 1Jamali Anwar Rana and 1Rahman Iqbal
1Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan, 2Central Hi-Tech Laboratory, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan, 3Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, 4Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 11 June, 2017
Abstract
The present work was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Fagonia Indica through In-vitro assay. Extraction was done by methanolic solvent while fractionation was performed by n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous solvent on the basis of their polarity. Antidiabetic activity was performed by inhibition of α-amylase enzyme while antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging free radical assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also studied via spectrophotometric assay by Follen Ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride reagents respectively. Highest antidiabetic activity (59.52±0.75%) was shown by aqueous fraction while lowest by n-hexane solvent (31.55±0.84%). Aqueous fraction showed highest antioxidant activity (74.70±1.20%) while n-hexane fraction exhibited lowest activity (43.16±0.99 %). Higher phenolic and flavonoids contents (81.2±1.2% and 67.4±2.23% respectively) were exhibited by aqueous fractions. Statistical analysis by one way ANOVA showed that all the activities performed significant results (p<0.05). Results of Antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and cytotoxicity potential was also found significant. The major bioactive compounds such as trans 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinamic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, chromatotropic acid and vinillic acid were found in crude extract and various fractions by liquid chromatography.
Keywords: Fagonia indica, fractionations, antidiabetic activity, antioxidant activity, HPLC analysis.
Abu Omer, Abdullah Sharif, Majid Malik*, Jamali Anwar Rana and Rahman Iqbal, Lais Fatemi
Page: 346 - 354