ISSN 2169-303X
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (11), pp. 001-004, November, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the leaf extract of Salvia repens Burch. Ex Benth
Buyisile Mayekiso1*, Micheal L. Magwa2 and Roger M. Coopoosamy1
1Botany Department and Electron, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
2Microscopic unit, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Accepted 21 July, 2019
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oil of S. repens contain the following major constituents: 1 – camphor (0.4%) para–cymene (34.1%), sabinene (23.9%), 1–b–pinene (16.9%),, myrcene (3.9%), - terpinene (1.8%), trans- b–Ocimene (1.3%), terpinene-4-ol (0.7%), nopol (0.4%), a-terpinolene (15.89%), b caryophllene (0.6%). The antibacterial activity of the aerial parts of Salvia repens has shown that the acetone extract inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyrogens and Escherichia coli bacteria tested at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0, 5 mg/ml. The methanol extracts effectively inhibited the growth of both Staphylococcus epidermidus and Micrococcus kristinae at minimum concentration of 0, 5 mg/ml. At 0. 1 mg/ml the methanol extract inhibited the following B. cereus, S. pyrogens and E. coli bacteria whose inhibition concentration was below 0. 5 mg/l. The activity of the water extracts of the plants against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria has shown inhibition at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/l respectively. The extract from the methanol also suggest that, the plant extract has intensive activity at low concentration compare to acetone and water. The antibacterial activity suggests a possibility of S. repens plant for use on medicinal applications.
Key words: Salvia repens, essential oil composition, antibacterial medicinal plant, para–cymene, sabinene, 1– b–pinene, a-terpinolene.
Buyisile Mayekiso*, Micheal L. Magwa and Roger M. Coopoosamy
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-007, October, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, different levels of phosphorus and drought stress on water use efficiency, relative water content and proline accumulation rate of Coriander
Aliabadi Farahani1, Hussein Lebaschi2, Mohammad Hussein1., Shiranirad Amir Hussein1., Valadabadi Ali Reza1 and Daneshian Jahanfar1
1Islamic Azad University of Takestan branch, 10 km Quzwin-Zanjan highway, Azad University of Takestan, Faculty of Agriculture, No. 1 Iran.
2Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, 5 km Tehran-Karaj highway, Peikanshahr, Iran.
Accepted 09 June, 2019
Abstract
An experiment was carried out using a split factorial based randomized complete block design with 4 replications to study the effects of AMF, phosphorus and drought stress on some characteristics of Coriander. The factors studied included application and non -application of mycorrhiza (Glomus hoi) 0.35 and 70 kg ha-1 phosphorus applications, and two levels of drought stress irrigation. The results showed that drought stress significant effect on water use efficiency, relative water content and proline accumulation rate ( = 1%). Highest water use efficiency and proline accumulation rate were achieved under stress conditions and highest relative water content was achieved under without stress conditions. Also, mycorrhiza and phosphorus significant effects on water use efficiency ( = 5%). Highest water use efficiency was achieved under application of mycorrhiza and application of 70 kg ha-1 phosphorus respectively. Relative water content and proline accumulation rate were not significantly affected due to phosphorus and mycorrhiza. The results this experiment showed that water use efficiency was increased under application of mycorrhiza that can increase absorb of phosphorus and water in drought conditions.
Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, phosphorus, drought stress, water use efficiency, coriander.
Hussein Lebaschi, Shiranirad Amir Hussein, Valadabadi Ali Reza and Daneshian Jahanfar, Aliabadi Farahani, Mohammad Hussein
Page: 1 - 7
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-006, October, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro antisickling effects of Xylopia aethiopica and Monodora myristica
Uwakwe A. A.1* and Nwaoguikpe R. N2
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Portharcourt, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.
Accepted 12 May, 2019
Abstract
The antisickling effects of two indigenous spices Xylopia aethiopica and Monodora myristica were investigated. Two hundred grams (200g) of each powdered sample was divided into two equal parts. One part was used for crude aqueous extraction (CAE) and the other, for Batch process extraction, with chloroform, methanol, butanol, and water to yield; the fat-soluble (FAS), butanol-soluble (BUS) and water-soluble extracts (WAS) respectively. The FAS, BUS, CAE and WAS fractions exhibited profound antisickling effectiveness by inhibiting HbSS polymerization to varying degrees from 70% for FAS to 90% for CAEs in fifteen (15) min. The CAE and WAS fractions were equally able to improve Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio for CAEs and 13 - 100% for WAS fractions respectively. These fractions also reversed already sickled erythrocytes, with the WAS fractions having less time than the CAE fractions. Thin layer chromatographic (TLC) analysis showed that the extracts generally contain some antisickling amino acids such as Arg. Tyr and Asp at varying concentrations. The total free amino acid concentrations of the samples revealed high concentrations of such, with the CAE fractions of X. aethiopica and M. myristica having concentrations of 1028 and 1680mg/100g of samples respectively. Results suggest that these spices when used in combination with other nutritious regimen like fruits, fish and legumes, may be a promising option for the effective management of sickle cell disease and a gamut of its pathophysiological complications.
Key words: Xylopia aethiopica, Monodora myristica, sickle cell disease, Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio polymerization
Nwaoguikpe R. N, Uwakwe A. A*
Page: 1 - 6
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-004, October, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Preliminary studies on the in vitro antitrypanosomal activity of aqueous and methanolic crude extracts of stem bark of Nauclea latifolia on Trypanosoma congolense
Maikai V. A1 and Kobo P. I2
1College of Agriculture and Animal science, Ahmadu Bello University, Mando – Kaduna
2Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Accepted 09 April, 2019
Abstract
In Nigeria, herbal treatment of various types of diseases is very common using medicinal plants. In the present study, preliminary investigation on the In vitro antitrypanosomal activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of stem bark extracts of Nauclea latifolia was evaluated on Trypanosoma congolense. Blood obtained from a highly infected mice with T. congolense (107) was incubated with methanolic, and aqueous extract at 20 mg, 10 mg and 5 mg/ml and DiminivetR (diminazene aceturate) at 10 mg, 200 and 50 µg/ml in a 96 well microtiter plate. The results revealed that methanolic and aqueous extracts had activity at 20 mg/ml. Phytochemical screening of the methanolic and aqueous extract of the bark showed that they both had flavonoids, saponnin, terpenoids and tannin. The aqueous and methanolic extract appears to show some potential activity against T. congolense.
Key words: Nauclea latifolia, Trypanocidal, Trypanosoma congolense.
Kobo P. I, Maikai V. A
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The essentials oils and antimicrobial activity of four nepeta species from Morocco
Laila Zenasni1, Houssine Bouidida2, Amina Hancali3, Amina Boudhane3, Hassan Amzal1 Abdelkader Il Idrissi2, Rajae El Aouad3, Youssef Bakri1 and Abdelaziz Benjouad1*
1Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie, Faculté des Sciences, Rabat, Morocco.
2Laboratoire de chimie des plantes et de synthèse organique et Bio-organique, Faculté des Sciences, Rabat, Morocco.
3Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Institut National d’Hygiène, Rabat, Morocco.
Accepted 08 April, 2019
Abstract
The chemical composition of essential oils (EO) isolated from four Nepeta species (Nepeta atlantica Ball, Nepeta tuberosa L. subsp reticulata (Desf.) Maire, Nepeta cataria L., Nepeta granatensis Boiss) were characterized and the antibacterial activity tested. Chemical analyses indicated that the major component of these EO was the sterioisomere 4a-a, 7-a, 7a-b-nepetalactone which represented more than 70% of oils from N. atlantica, N. tuberosa, N. cataria and 39.4% of oils from N. granatensis. The EO from N. atlantica, N. tuberosa, and N. cataria presented comparable antibacterial activity against tested bacteria. Statistical analysis indicated that S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) strains were the most sensitive to the EO (MICs ranged from 4.37 to 16.25 µL/mL), these strains were more sensitive than clinically isolated E. coli, S. aureus and S. enteritidis and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) strains. The EO from N. granatensis contained low nepetalactone concentrations and showed relatively poor antibacterial activity against tested bacteria (MICs ranged from 22.50 to 80.00 µL/mL). These results indicate that the antibacterial activity of EO from the Nepeta genus depends on their chemical composition and suggests that nepetalactone plays an important role in antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus strains, two microorganisms which cause morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Key words: Nepeta atlantica, Nepeta tuberosa, Nepeta granatensis, Nepeta cataria , Lamiaceae, essential oil composition, 4a-a, 7-a,7a-b-nepetalactone, antibacterial activity.
Laila Zenasni, Youssef Bakri and Abdelaziz Benjouad*, Houssine Bouidida, Amina Boudhane, Rajae El Aouad, Hassan Amzal Abdelkader Il Idrissi, Amina Hancali
Page: 1 - 4
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-004, September, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of Terminalia avicennioides extracts against some bacteria pathogens associated with patients suffering from complicated respiratory tract diseases
A. Mann*, Y. Yahaya, A. Banso and F. John
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, the Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B 55, Bida, Niger State. Nigeria
Accepted 19 April, 2019
Abstract
Ethanolic extracts of the stem bark, root bark and leaves of Terminalia avicennioides were assayed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from patients suffering from complicated respiratory tract infections for their antimicrobial activity. Analysis of variance showed that the ethanolic extracts of the plant material exhibit a significant (P > 0.05) antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The various zone of inhibitions on Escherichia coli was moderate (P < 0.05) at different concentrations, very low antimicrobial activity was observed against P. aeruginosa. Important bioactive agents like phenols, steroids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, ellagic acids were detected in the bark, leaves and root of T. avicennioides. Anthraquinone was not absent in all the plant parts tested. The bioactive constituents detected in T. avicennioides may be responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity of the plant and hence, its potential use as antimicrobial agent.
Key words: Antimicrobial activity, bacterial pathogens, Phytochemical, respiratory tract diseases, Terminalia avicennioides.
Y. Yahaya, A. Banso and F. John, A. Mann*
Page: 1 - 4