ISSN 2169-303X
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phytochemical and microbial screening of herbal remedies in Akwa Ibom State, South Southern Nigeria
Adebayo-Tayo, B. C. and Adegoke, A. A.*
Department of Microbiology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria.
Accepted 10 November 2019
Abstract
Ethanolic extracts of six commonly used medicinal plants (by traditional medicine practitioners in Uyo and Ikot-Ekpene), Vernonia amygdalina del. (“Etidod”), Ocimum gratissimum L. (“Nton”), Smilax anceps wild. (“Odufad”), Holarrhena floribunda (“Idid ikot”), Parkia biglobosa (“Epo igba”), and Khaya senegalensis (“Ogawo”), were analysed phytochemically and evaluated for their significant antimicrobial activity (P < 0.05) against different multiple drug resistant, MDR (pathogenic) organisms: Neisseria gonorrhea, Shigella flexineri, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mean inhibitory zones were calculated for each of the extracts. Five of the plant extracts contain saponins and tannins only; two contain salkowski, and keller-kilini only, while three extracts contain just one of alkaloids, plobatannins, liberman. The results revealed that each of the six plants extracts, at different concentrations of 80 and 40 mg/ml, exhibited various degrees of inhibition and activity index on the test organisms. The extract of the O. graissimum (“Nton”), had the highest mean inhibitory zone of 23 mm against S. flexineri. This was followed by H. floribunda (“Idid ikot”) with a mean inhibitory zone of 22 mm against N. gonorrhoea, V. amygdalina (“Etidod”) with a mean inhibitory zone of 19 mm against S. aureus and S. anceps wild (“Odufad”) had a mean inhibitory zone of 17 mm against both N. gonorrhoea and S. aureus. The MIC results of S. flexineri in 26.24 mg/ml of O. gratissimum excite us to analyse for its MBC which was 47.24 mg/ml. These results provide a rationalization for the traditional use of these plants for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Key words: Ethanolic extract, phytochemical, pathogenic organisms, Smilax anceps, activity index.
A. A.*, B. C. and Adegoke, Adebayo-Tayo
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (3), pp. 001-005, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of leaves of Acalypha racemosa in carbon tetrachloride treated rats
Iniaghe, O. M.1*, Malomo, S. O.2, and Adebayo, J. O.2
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma , Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Accepted 16 October, 2019
Abstract
The effects of simultaneous treatment of CCl4 (i.p) with 60 mg/kg (p.o) of aqueous extract of leaves of Acalypha racemosa on rat liver was evaluated. Analysis of serum ALT and AST activities with those of the concentrations of albumin, total protein, unconjugated and total bilirubin were carried out. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content of liver was determined to investigate a probable mechanism of action of the extract. Administration of CCl4 alone to rats significantly increased total bilirubin concentration and the activities of ALT and AST (p < 0.05) in the serum while it significantly reduced (p < 0.05) serum total protein and albumin concentrations when compared with controls which received distilled water (p.o). Also it significantly increased (p < 0.05) liver MDA content when compared with control. However, simultaneous treatment of CCl4 with 60 mg/kg of the aqueous extract significantly reversed (p < 0.05) these changes. Results of MDA content of liver homogenates suggest that a probable mechanism of action of the extract is antioxidation. Histopathological studies were carried out on the liver to confirm the observed changes
Key words: Acalypha racemosa, aqueous extract, hepatoprotective property, antioxidant effect, carbon tetrachloride, liver.
O. M.*, Malomo , Iniaghe , J. O., S. O. and Adebayo
Page: 1 - 5
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (3), pp. 001-009, March, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of nutraceutical compounds in blue green alga Spirulina maxima
Hanaa H. Abd El-Baky1, Farouk K. El Baz1 and Gamal S. El-Baroty2
1Department of Plant Biochemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Accepted 13 October, 2019
Abstract
This work was conducted to evaluate the influence of culture conditions (nitrogen concentrations in growth medium) on characterization of some nutraceutical compounds in algal Spirulina maxima. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as chemical composition of organic extracts obtained from different cultures were examined. The amounts of total carotenoids, chlorophylls-derived and phenolic compounds were associated inversely with concentration of nitrogen in growth media. The antibacterial results showed that all S.maxima extracts exhibited great potential antibacterial activities against six bacterial strains with inhibition zones ranged 7 - 18 mm and MICs values ranged 30 - 40 µg/mL. Also, all S.maxima extracts possessed potent antioxidant properties as comparable to commercial antioxidants. The chromatographic analyses of Spirulina organic extracts with TLC and HPLC showed that carotenoids, chlorophyll-derived and phenol compounds were presence as main constituents and their quantities was significantly changed dependant on culture conditions. Thus, it could be suggested that the Spirulina is useful bio-system for production bioactive compounds possess an antioxidants and antimicrobial principles and as natural pigments.
Key words: Spirulina maxima, organic extract, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity.
Hanaa H. Abd El-Baky, Farouk K. El Baz and Gamal S. El-Baroty
Page: 1 - 9
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Free radical quenching activity and polyphenols in three species of Coleus
Girish K Rasineni1, Dayananda Siddavattam2 and Attipalli R Reddy1*
1Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
2Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
Accepted 07 October, 2019
Abstract
Coleus is an important aromatic herb of the family Lamiaceae which is routinely grown as a traditional medicinal herb in India. We examined the total content of polyphenols, tannins, flavones and flavonols, their antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibition properties in leaf and stem tissues of three species of Coleus (Coleus forskholii Briq., Coleus aromaticus Benth. and Coleus zeylanicus Benth.) . Plant extracts of C. forskholii exhibited high amounts of polyphenols and higher antioxidant activity in the tissues compared to C. aromaticus and C. zeylanicus. The leaf extracts of C. forskholii showed significantly high amounts of total polyphenols (23.46 mg g-1 fw), flavones and flavonols (250.8 µg g-1 fw) and high antioxidant activity (12.29 mM g-1fw). HPLC profiling of leaf and stem tissues showed the presence of standard antioxidative polyphenols and more potent antioxidative polyphenols. Our results demonstrate that C. forskholii could be used as an important source of phenolic compounds with significantly high antioxidant activity.
Key words: Antioxidants, Coleus forskholii, Coleus aromaticus, Coleus zeylanica, polyphenols.
Girish K Rasineni, Dayananda Siddavattam and Attipalli R Reddy*
Page: 1 - 8
Research Article
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-006, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Toxicological and phytochemical screening study of Mitragyna Inermis (willd.) O ktze (Rubiaceae), anti diabetic plant
Konkon, N. G1,2, Adjoungoua, A. L.2, Manda, P.3, Simaga, D2, N’Guessan, K. E.1 and Kone, B D.2
1Laboratory of Botany, Biosciences Training and Research Unity, University of Abidjan - Cocody (Ivory Coast) 22 BP1414 Abidjan 22 (Ivory Coast).
2Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Training and Research Unity of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Abidjan - Cocody (Ivory Coast) 01 BP V34 Abidjan 01 (Ivory Coast).
3Laboratory of Toxicology, Training and Research Unity of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Abidjan - Cocody (Ivory Coast) 01 BP V34 Abidjan 01 (Ivory Coast).
Accepted 20 October 2019
Abstract
Mitragyna inermis leaves are used in Ivorian traditional medicine to treat diabetes. To situate tolerance limits, we determined acute toxicity threshold by the Overall Harmonized System of classification (SGH) using predetermined dose method and then we highlighted principal chemical groups responsible for pharmacological activity. The results allowed us to conclude that any dose of M. inermis leaves aqueous extract (300, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg) is lethal for the inoculated animals. LD50 is thus higher than 5000 mg/kg. These results suggest that the aqueous leaf extract of M. inermis could be used with some degree of safety by oral route. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of sterol, triterpene, polyphenol, flavonoïd, catechic tannin, saponoside and alkaloid, which conferred several pharma-cological activities on the leaves of the plant.
Key words: Mitragyna inermis, acute toxicity, lethal dose, GHS class, phytochemistry.
A. L, K. E and Kone, N. G, N’Guessan , Konkon , Simaga , Adjoungoua , D , P , Manda , B D
Page: 1 - 6
Review
International Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ISSN 2169-303X Vol. 9 (2), pp. 001-008, February, 2020. © International Scholars Journals
Review
Mulberry: Life enhancer
Venkatesh Kumar R. and Seema Chauhan*
Department of Applied Animal Sciences, Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Central University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow- 226025 (U.P.), India.
Accepted 16 September, 2019
Abstract
Since old days, various plants are rich source of medicines. Ayurveda and other literature have claimed the different medicinal properties against certain serious diseases. Various researches have been conducted in last decades on different medicinal plants. The present review highlighted the potentiality of different medicinal properties of Morus species viz –Morus alba, Morus rubra, Morus serrata, Morus laevigata, Morus nigra, Morus macroura, Morus cathayana, Morus australis, Morus bombycis etc.
Key words: Mulberry, medicinal properties and biomolecules.
Venkatesh Kumar R., Seema Chauhan*
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