ISSN 2326-7275
Research Article
Effect of aspartame on some oxidative stress parameters in liver and kidney of rats
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 8 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of aspartame on some oxidative stress parameters in liver and kidney of rats
Iman, M. Mourad
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt. E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted 11 October, 2018
Abstract
Aspartame is one of the most widely used artificial sweeteners in over 90 countries worldwide. It is a highly intensity sweetener added to a large variety of food, most commonly found in low calorie beverages, desserts and table top sweeteners added to tea or coffee. The present study examined whether the daily oral administration of ASP (40 mg/kg) for 2, 4 and 6 weeks induce oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of male albino rats. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reduced (GSH) levels as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) enzymes were determined. A significant increase in LPO levels was obtained in the liver tissue after 4 and 6 weeks of ASP administration while there was a significant decrease in LPO level after 2 weeks followed by a significant increase in the renal tissue at the end of the 6 weeks. SOD activity significantly decreased in the liver tissue after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment. Also, there was a significant decrease in SOD activity after 2 and 4 weeks in the renal tissue. CAT activity significantly decreased in the liver tissue after 2 and 4 weeks of ASP administration. Regarding to GSH content, there was a significant decrease in the liver tissue after 2, 4 and 6 weeks which was accompanied by a significant increase in GST activity after 4 and 6 weeks of ASP administration. In conclusion, ASP may induce an oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of male albino rats.
Key words: Aspartame, oxidative stress, liver, kidney.
Iman , M. Mourad
Short Communication
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 8 (3), pp. 001-002, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
The use of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel agonist in promoting bone regeneration and anti-osteoporosis
Zhao-Gui Zhang, Wan-Chun Wang*, Zhi-Hong Li and Xin-Zhan Mao
Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Middle-Ren-Min Road No. 139, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
Accepted 17 October, 2018
Abstract
The hypothesis is that the use of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel agonist could be helpful in promoting bone regeneration and anti-osteoporosis.
Key words: Transient receptor potential channel, bone repair, bone regeneration, osteoporosis, pharmacology.
Wan-Chun Wang*, Zhi-Hong Li and Xin-Zhan Mao, Zhao-Gui Zhang
Research Article
The effect of fenugreek on the bioavailability of glibenclamide in normal beagle dogs
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 8 (3), pp. 001-007, March, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The effect of fenugreek on the bioavailability of glibenclamide in normal beagle dogs
Mohamed Fahad Al-Ajmi
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 21 October, 2018
Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum) is an herbal medicine widely used in the traditional medicine to alleviate many diseases including diabetes. Many studies proved its efficacy in reducing blood sugar in diabetic patients. Concurrent administration of fenugreek and glibenclamide may affect bioavailability of glibenclamide. For this reason this study was designed to clarify effect of fenugreek ingestion on bioavailability of glibenclamide in beagle dogs. 4 beagle dogs were administered either glibenclamide alone or glibenclamide with fenugreek and bioavailability of glibenclamide in each of these groups was estimated utilizing HPLC-fluorescence detector method. The method was validated and the results were compared by paired t-test. The method of analysis was linear in the range from 5 to 400 ng/ml and possessed highly specificity and high intra and inter-day precision {1.80 to 9.16% and 5.82 to 10.40% respectively as C.V(%)}. Recovery of glibenclamide (relative to warfarin as IS) was 98.7 to 105.1%. Fenugreek ingestion increased bioavailability of glibenclamide significantly (p< 0.05) compared to control group. The exact mechanism of increased bioavailability of glibenclamide was not studied although literature review of fenugreek constituents points to possibility of increased absorption and/or displacement of glibenclamide from protein binding sites.
Key words: Fenugreek, glibenclamide, Beagle dogs, HPLC, bioavailability.
Mohamed Fahad Al-Ajmi
Research Article
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-007, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of ulinastatin preconditioning on the expression of hemeoxygenase-1 in limb ischemia reperfusion lung injury in rats
Fan Li-hua1, Lu Xiang-hong1, Li Jun2*, Zhou wei2 and Lian qing-quan2
1Department of Anesthesiology, Wenzhou Medical College, the sixth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Lishui 323000, China.
2Department of Anesthesiology, Wenzhou Medical College, the second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Wenzhou 325027, China.
Accepted 12 May, 2019
Abstract
To investigate the role of HO-1 in ischemic preconditioning and pharmacological preconditioning by ulinastatin in attenuating remote lung injury in rat model of lower limb ischemia reperfusion. Sixty four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham operation group, ischemia and reperfusion group, ischemia preconditioning group (IPR), ulinastatin preconditioning group (UTI). The animals were deeply anesthetized and the lung tissue was removed at the end of the experiment. Lung W/D ratio were measured and the expression of HO-1 was determined by Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. HO-1 was induced and expressed persistently in 2 and 4 h after ischemic preconditioning and ulinastatin preconditioning (P<0.01), and the expression in 4 h was higher than 2 h in preconditioning groups (P<0.05). The preconditioning also led to diminished lung edema (W/D ratio) (P<0.05 vs I/R), with no differences when compared to the sham group. The induction of HO-1 by ischemic preconditioning and ulinastatin preconditioning played a protective role against remote lung injury in the model of limb injury/reperfusion.
Key words: Heme oxygenase-1, preconditioning, ulinastatin, ischemia/reperfusion.
Fan Li-hua, Lu Xiang-hong, Zhou wei and Lian qing-quan, Li Jun*
Research Article
Association of E23K polymorphism of Kir6.2 gene with coronary artery disease
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 8 (2), pp. 001-005, February, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Association of E23K polymorphism of Kir6.2 gene with coronary artery disease
Necla Benlier1*, Mustafa Erdogan1,4, Mehtap Özkur 1, Oguzhan Yildiz3, Muradiye Nacak1, Birol Yamak2 and A. Sükrü Aynacioglu1
1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey.
2Sani Konukoglu Medical Center, Gaziantep, Turkey.
3Department of Pharmacology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
4Park Medical Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Accepted 21 November, 2018
Abstract
The ATP- sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are generally cardioprotective under conditions of metabolic impairment, consisting of pore-forming Kir 6.X (Kir 6.1 and Kir 6.2) subunits in combination with regulatory sulfonylurea receptor (SUR1, SUR2A and SUR2B) subunits. E23K is a missense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the cytosolic proximal N-terminal tail of the Kir6.2 subunit. We investigated the E23K polymorphism of Kir6.2 gene in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients to assess its role in susceptibility to CAD. The CAD group included 340 patients (257 male and 83 female; mean age, 60.5±9.1 years) who underwent coronary angiography after recent myocardial infarction or angina. The control group consisted of 91 non cardiac individuals (45 male and 46 female; mean age, 55.6±9.4 years) with normal coronary vessels. The E23K polymorphism of Kir6.2 gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in CAD and control groups. The frequency of the G allele was found to be significantly higher in patients than in control group (58.2% vs. 47.8, p = 0.01). There were also significant differences in GG and combined (GA+AA) genotypes frequencies (35.9 vs. 23.1% and 64.1 vs. 76.9%, p = 0.02). The E23K polymorphism of Kir6.2 gene may be associated with the development of CAD.
Key words: E23K polymorphism, Kir6.2 gene, coronary artery disease.
Birol Yamak and A. Sükrü Aynacioglu, Oguzhan Yildiz, Muradiye Nacak, Mehtap Özkur, Mustafa Erdogan, Necla Benlier*
Research Article
Ghrelin promote partial the early recovery of rats after subtotal gastrectomy
International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ISSN: 2326-7275 Vol. 8 (1), pp. 001-006, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Ghrelin promote partial the early recovery of rats after subtotal gastrectomy
Song Yu, Zhi-Gang Wang, Cheng-Guang Yang, Jun Yan, Wen-Cai Qiu and Qi Zheng*
Department of General Surgery, Sixth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China.
Accepted 12 May, 2019
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of exogenous ghrelin for early recovery in partial gastrectomied rats and its long-term significance. The subtotal gastrectomy (B-ltype) rats were randomly divided into two groups, and then they were treated with intraperitoneal injection of saline or ghrelin intervention respectively. Body weight and daily food intake were measured before and after the operation. After the seventh post-operation, rats were sacrificed, the fundus of stomach and anastomosis were taken to determine ghrelin mRNA expression by real-time fluorescent quantitive PCR and to evaluate the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content. There was no difference in body weight between the two groups (P>0.05); Cumulative food intake (P<0.05) was 52.50±6.77 g in ghrelin group, which was higher than that in the saline group (45.67±7.47 g) (P<0.05). However, the ghrelin mRNA expression in ghrelin treatment group was lower than the control group (P<0.01). Compared to the saline group, ghrelin-treated rats displayed a higher bursting pressure (P<0.05) and anastomotic hydroxyproline content (P<0.01). Ghrelin treatment in the postoperative rats can promote energy metabolism and body weight gain. Ghrelin could effectively promote the healing of anastomosis. However, exogenous ghrelin intervention may inhibit the early compensatory mechanisms of residual stomach.
Key words: Ghrelin, subtotal gastrectomy, rats, anastomosis, early recovery.
Zhi-Gang Wang, Jun Yan, Wen-Cai Qiu and Qi Zheng*, Cheng-Guang Yang, Song Yu