ISSN 2736-1756
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Use of isozyme analyses and PCR based methods RAPD and RFLP for assessment of biochemical and genetic diversity of morphologically similar ectomycorrhizal Lactarius deliciosus from India
K. Mukesh Upadhyay1*, A. K. Pandey2 and R. C. Rajak2
1School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur-302025, India.
2Department of Biosciences, R. D. University, Jabalpur-482001, India.
Accepted 7 April, 2011
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among the morphologically similar and ecologically variant isolates of Lactarius deliciosus using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), rDNA analysis and isozyme patterns. Two major groups were defined amongst the total isolates by cluster analyses. Four bands of amylase isozymes viz; A232.4, A342.7, A461.5, A672.0 and two bands each of pectinases (Pe364.18, Pe261.11), cellulases (C460.14, C356.12), glutamate dehydrogenases (GLD126.00, GLD229.18) and acid phosphatases (AP110.00, AP214.18) were common in all the morphologically similar isolates. The RAPD profile revealed that a total of 12 polymorphic bands were obtained, among these a locus of 550 bp was diversified in all strains except M221 and M222. Few common bands which is present in zymogram (isozymes) and electrogram (RAPD) exhibited genetic similarities amongst ecologically variant isolates. Amplifications of the ITS region resulted a single PCR product of approximately 560 bp for all the isolates. When amplified fragments were digested with restriction enzymes, identical banding patterns were observed, which showed that no inter-generic or intra-specific variation among the isolates.
Key words: Ectomycorrhizal, Isozyme, random amplification of polymorphic DNA, restriction fragment length polymorphism, zymography.
A. K. Pandey and R. C. Rajak, K. Mukesh Upadhyay*
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Comparative analysis of bioethanol production by different strains of immobilized marine yeast
P. Senthilraja*, K. Kathiresan and K. Saravanakumar
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, India.
Accepted 15 February, 2011
Abstract
Yeasts are well known for bioethanol production. However, marine yeasts are less known for the activity. In the present context of increasing demand for energy and biofuel, the microbial synthesis of ethanol using cellulosic waste materials has gained recent importance. The present study deals with the identification of potential marine yeasts for ethanol production. Ten species of marine yeasts were cultured for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h for bioethanol production. Of the ten species, CANDIDA ALBICANS exhibited the maximum production of ethanol (47.3±3.1 g/L) within 96 h, when glucose was used as carbon source. The ethanol production by this species was found higher when the yeast cells were immobilized in sodium alginate compared to suspension culture. This experiment was also conducted with both immobilized yeast cells and non-immobilized cells. The experiment revealed that the marine yeast C. ALBICANS is efficient in bioethanol production, when it is immobilized.
Key words: Bioethanol, marine yeast species, monoclonal antibodies, thermotolerant.
P. Senthilraja*, K. Kathiresan and K. Saravanakumar
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Imaging flow cytometric analysis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe morphology
Radha Pyati1*, Lindsay L. Elvir1, Erica C. Charles1, Umawattee Seenath1 and Tom D. Wolkow2
1Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
2Department of Biology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80933, USA.
Accepted 10 March, 2011
Abstract
The morphology of Schizosaccharomyces pombe can be rapidly monitored in asynchronous, G2-rich populations using imaging flow cytometry (IFC). Cell morphology was analyzed in terms of length and aspect ratio before and after exposure to several toxins. The toxins target the DNA (hydroxyurea and phleomycin) or cytoskeletal elements (thiabendazole, carbendazim and latrunculin A) and exert well-characterized effects on the morphology. Using IFC and yeast mutants, predictable morphological changes were detected accompanied with loss of gene products required during cellular responses to these toxins. IFC is a sensitive tool for accurate detection of subtle morphological changes in large, asynchronous S. pombe populations.
Key words: Imaging flow cytometry, fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, cell cycle, morphology, genotoxin, cytoskeletal toxin.
Radha Pyati*, Erica C. Charles, Lindsay L. Elvir, Umawattee Seenath and Tom D. Wolkow
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The research of infection process and biological characteristics of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB on soybean
Aiping Zheng* and Yanran Wang
Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China.
Accepted 05 March, 2011
Abstract
The isolate Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB collected from the diseased leaves of soybean were identified by the method of internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis. In this study, we focus on the biological characteristics and infection process of AG-1IB. Morphological, nucleus, chromosome, and infection process were observed. Typical infectious structures as infection cushion and appressorium were observed during the infection process.
Key words: Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB, soybean, biological characteristics, infection process.
Aiping Zheng*, Yanran Wang
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Fungicide toxicity against the growth of lineages of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (Mestch.) Sorokin
Sideney B. Onofre*, Cristiane R. Kasburg, Danusa de Freitas, Silvana Damin, Andréia Vilani, Jéssica A. Queiroz and Francini Y. Kagimura
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Universidade Paranaense, UNIPAR, Unidade-Campus Francisco Beltrão, Av. Júlio Assis Cavalheiro, 2000 – Bairro Centro - 85601-010,Francisco Beltrão – Paraná – Brasil.
Accepted 24 April, 2011
Abstract
In this work the fungicidal action of three agrochemicals (Sphere®, Nativo® and Bendazol®) used in soybean for control of fungal diseases on the lineages CG-28 and CG-30 of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae was evaluated. It was found that the fungicides inhibited the vegetative growth of the lineages at the concentrations indicated for the field, thereby showing its antifungal effect.
Key words: Biocontrol, crops, pesticides.
Andréia Vilani, Cristiane R. Kasburg, Sideney B. Onofre*, Danusa de Freitas, Silvana Damin, Jéssica A. Queiroz and Francini Y. Kagimura
Page: 1 - 10
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 2011
Available online at http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/journal/ajmr
© 2011 International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of some chemicals on growth, melanogenesis, pathogenicity and metabolic activities of Rhizoctonia solani
Amany H. Aboellil1* and Neveen M. Mohammed2
1Biology Department (Microbiology), Faculty of Applied Science (Girl Branch), Umm Al Qura University Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
2Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Accepted 23 February, 2011
Abstract
Morphogenesis, cell differentiation, sclerotial formation and melanogenesis of a fungus depend on growth conditions. The present work aims to study the effect of some chemicals on the growth parameters of Rhizoctonia solani, which is the main causal organism of many diseases as damping off disease of many crops such as Phaseolus vulgaris. Different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were studied. EDTA showed an inhibitory activity with decreasing sclerotia formation and its pigmentation (melanogenesis), also hyphae became hyaline. This isolate which lacks melanin, was nominated as hyaline Rhizoctonia (HR). Hydrogen peroxide showed highest sclerotia formation and increase in its pigmentation. This isolate, which forms melanin, will be nominated as dark Rhizoctonia (DR). It caused a higher disease index to seeds of P. vulgaris than did HR. Melanin is a virulence factor. The disease index was higher by DR than HR. DR exhibited less protein content, but more diverse proteins than HR. DNA similarity between DR and HR was about 90%. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected in a higher amount in DR than HR. Catalase could not be detected in either DR or HR. EDTA is promising potential drugs for combating pathogenicity.
Key words: Rhizoctonia, superoxide dismutase, pathogenicity, melanin, DNA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
Amany H. Aboellil*, Neveen M. Mohammed
Page: 1 - 10