Table of Contents 2019
Research Article
Effect of Avid® on the synnema-like formation of Aspergillus flavus grown on Czapek medium
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Effect of Avid® on the synnema-like formation of Aspergillus flavus grown on Czapek medium
K. Danmek1,2, S. Prasongsuk2, P. Lotrakul2, K. E. Damann3, D. E. Eveleigh4 and H. Punnapayak2*
1Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
3Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, LSU Agcenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
4Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA.
Accepted 21 February, 2019
Abstract
The effect of Avid® on the induction of synnema-like structure of Aspergillus flavus (61 strains) grown on various types of agar media was investigated. Other related species of Aspergillus within the section Flavi, A. parasiticus (14 strains), A. nomius (14 strains), A. psuedotamarii (2 strains), A. tamarii (20 strains) and A. oryzae (5 strains), were also evaluated for comparison. When Avid® was added into five different solid media (Czapek, V8, Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, corn meal and potato dextrose agar) at 0.004% (v/v), only the A. flavus strains (all 61 tested) were able to produce synnema-like structures, and only in the Czapek agar medium containing Avid®. The effect of carbon (sucrose, glucose and starch) and nitrogen (NaNO3, urea and peptone) sources in Czapek medium containing Avid® on the induction of a synnema-like structure was also determined, with synnema-like structure induction being found in all three carbon sources but only in NaNO3 as the nitrogen source. All the three of the inert solvents in Avid® (mineral oil, butylated hydroxytoluene and n-methylpyrrolidone) did not induce synnema-like structure formation, indicating that abamectin, an active ingredient of Avid® together with NaNO3 likely play important roles in the induction of synnema-like structure of A. flavus.
Key words: Aspergillus flavus, Avid®, synnema-like structure.
K. Danmek, K. E. Damann, P. Lotrakul, D. E. Eveleigh and H. unnapayak*, S. Prasongsuk
Research Article
Bacteriological analysis of drinking water sources
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-004, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Bacteriological analysis of drinking water sources
Solomon Abera1*, Ahmed Zeyinudin1, Biruktawit Kebede 2, Amare Deribew3, Solomon Ali1, and Endalew Zemene1
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Pathology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
2Department of Dentistry, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
3Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Accepted 15 January, 2019
Abstract
The quality of potable water and treatment of waterborne diseases are critical public health issues. Bacterial contamination of drinking water sources is the most common health risk. The research determines bacteriological quality of drinking water sources in Serbo town, south west Ethiopia. A Cross-sectional study design on bacteriological analysis of drinking water was conducted in Serbo town from September to October, 2010. 100 ml of water specimen was collected from each water sources and transported for testing to the department of medical laboratory sciences and pathology laboratory by cold chain. The water samples were tested using the multiple tube technique on OXOID MacConkey Broth, (Oxoid Ltd, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England) for presumptive coliform count followed by ESCHERICHIA COLI confirmation. A total of twenty four drinking water samples were analyzed. Eighteen (75%) were from unprotected wells and the remaining six (25%) were from protected wells. Twenty three out of the total (87.5%) have presumptive bacteria count above the permissible limits for drinking water. Majority of the water sources were not safe for drinking. Hence, regular disinfection of drinking water sources needs to be run.
Key words: Potable water, most probable number, fecal coliform, protected well and unprotected well.
Solomon Ali and Endalew Zemene, Biruktawit Kebede, Solomon Abera*, Amare Deribew, Ahmed Zeyinudin
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-005, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Influence of bispyribac sodium on nitrogenase activity and growth of cyanobacteria isolated from paddy fields
Gulten Okmen* and Aysel Ugur
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mugla University, Mugla 48127, Turkey.
Accepted 14 March, 2019
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the effect of bispyribac-sodium on the nitrogenase activities and growth of cyanobacteria isolated from paddy fields. Ten cyanobacterial species were used in this study. Cyanobacterial species were isolated from soil and water samples obtained from rice fields in Corum, Turkey. Among all Anabaena strains, the maximum activity was determined in Anabaena sp. O-22 (2.26 µl ethylene/mg.h) whereas; the lowest activity was shown in Gloeothece sp. O-Y (0.04 µl ethylene/mg.h). The maximum inhibition was seen in Anabaena sp. O-22, Synechocystis sp. O-X and Anabaena sp. O-16 in 100 µg/ml bispyribac-sodium concentration. Although low bispyribac-sodium concentrations somewhat stimulated growths of Anabaena sp. O-X2, O-Ç, O-4, O-16, O-8 and Synechocystis sp. O-X, the biomass of all cultures were severely inhibited at higher concentrations. The growths of Anabaena sp. O-22 and Synechocystis sp. O-X completely repressed at 100 µg/mL and at higher bispyribac-sodium concentrations, whereas, Anabaena O-X2, O-6, O-4 and O-16 completely suppressed at 500 µg/mL bispyribac-sodium concentration. The end of the study Anabaena sp. O-22 has been proposed as biofertilizer. The results obtained may be useful for the production of rice.
Key words: Cyanobacteria, nitrogenase activity, herbicide.
Gulten Okmen*, Aysel Ugur
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
A novel poly (L-lactide) degrading thermophilic actinomycetes, Actinomadura keratinilytica strain T16-1 and pla sequencing
Sukhumaporn Sukkhum1,5, Shinji Tokuyama2, Prachumporn Kongsaeree3, Tomohiko Tamura4, Yuumi Ishida4 and Vichien Kitpreechavanich1,6*
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
2Department of Biological chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
4Biological Resource Center (NBRC), Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, Kisarazu 292-0818, Japan.
5Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
6Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, Institute for Advanced Studies and Graduated School, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Accepted 15 February, 2019
Abstract
An actinomycete strain T16-1 demonstrated the maximum poly (L-Lactide)-degrading activity when cultured in basal liquid medium at 50°C. According to 16S rDNA sequence analysis, chemotaxonomic and DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that strain T16-1 belong to the family Thermomonosporaceae, genus Actinomadura. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenic data, strain T16-1 which is a novel PLA-degrading thermophilic actinomycete was identified as Actinomadura keratinilytica, but the color of its colony on ISP plates, NaCl tolerant and utilization of mannitol, raffinose and arabinose were different. Partial sequence of poly (L-lactide) depolymerase gene from strain T16-1 was demonstrated. The gene consisting of 222 amino acids was related to serine protease from Streptomyces sp. with 43 to 46% identity.
Key words: Actinomadura keratinilytica, cloning, identification, poly (L-lactide).
Shinji Tokuyama, Yuumi Ishida and Vichien Kitpreechavanich*, Sukhumaporn Sukkhum, Prachumporn Kongsaeree, Tomohiko Tamura
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-006, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The domestic wastewater (DWW) influence on secondary metabolite in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under field conditions
Hossein Hassanpour Darvishi1 and Hossein Aliabadi Farahani2
1Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2Young Researchers Club, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 13 February, 2019
Abstract
In order to study the domestic wastewater influence on secondary metabolite in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under field condition, this experiment was carried out in Iran. In the field, 15 lysimeters having thyme (T. vulgaris L.) were used, where 1 to 5 lysimeters were irrigated by domestic wastewater and primary drainage water was accumulated. 6 to 9 lysimeters were irrigated by primary drainage water and then, were accumulated by secondary drainage water and we have irrigation 10, 11 and 12 lysimeters by secondary drainage water. In order to compare plants characteristics, in 13, 14 and 15 lysimeters were irrigated by agronomical water. The secondary metabolite in thyme 3.4% increased under irrigation by secondary drainage water into irrigation by agronomical water. The findings may give applicable advice to medicinal and aromatic plants researchers for management and concern on water strategy and estimate of irrigation carefully for increase of quantity and quality yields in medicinal and aromatic plants farming.
Key words: Domestic wastewater, essential oil yield, Thymus vulgaris.
Full Length Research Paper
The domestic wastewater (DWW) influence on secondary metabolite in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under field conditions
Hossein Hassanpour Darvishi1 and Hossein Aliabadi Farahani2
1Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2Young Researchers Club, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Accepted 13 February, 2019
In order to study the domestic wastewater influence on secondary metabolite in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under field condition, this experiment was carried out in Iran. In the field, 15 lysimeters having thyme (T. vulgaris L.) were used, where 1 to 5 lysimeters were irrigated by domestic wastewater and primary drainage water was accumulated. 6 to 9 lysimeters were irrigated by primary drainage water and then, were accumulated by secondary drainage water and we have irrigation 10, 11 and 12 lysimeters by secondary drainage water. In order to compare plants characteristics, in 13, 14 and 15 lysimeters were irrigated by agronomical water. The secondary metabolite in thyme 3.4% increased under irrigation by secondary drainage water into irrigation by agronomical water. The findings may give applicable advice to medicinal and aromatic plants researchers for management and concern on water strategy and estimate of irrigation carefully for increase of quantity and quality yields in medicinal and aromatic plants farming.
Key words: Domestic wastewater, essential oil yield, Thymus vulgaris.
INTRODUCTION
Wastewater is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It com-prises liquid waste discharged by domestic residences, commercial properties, industry, and or agriculture and can encompass a wide range of potential contaminants and concentrations. In the most common usage, it refers to the municipal wastewater that contains a broad spectrum of contaminants resulting from the mixing of wastewaters from different sources. Sewage is correctly the subset of wastewater that is contaminated with feces or urine, but is often used to mean any waste water (Mittler, 2002). "Sewage" includes domestic, municipal, or industrial liquid waste products disposed of, usually via a pipe or sewer or similar structure, sometimes in a cesspool emptier. The physical infrastructure, including
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*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected].
Hossein Hassanpour Darvishi, Hossein Aliabadi Farahani
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (4), pp. 001-008, April, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Bioaccumulation of cesium-137 and cobalt-60 from solid cellulosic-based radioactive waste simulates by Plurotus pulmonarius
Eskander S. B.1*, Abdel Aziz S. M.2 and El-saayed H.2
1Radioisotope Department, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
2Middle Eastern Regional Radioisotope Centre for the Arab Countries, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Accepted 23 March, 2019
Abstract
Solid cellulose-based radioactive wastes (CBW) constitutes in some cases, about 70% of the total solid low and intermediate level organic wastes originated from peaceful applications of nuclear technology in various fields of our life. Cesium-137 and cobalt-60 represent two of the most important radioisotopes spiking these waste categories. Both are serious contamination concerns due to their high energy gamma ray emitting (Cs-137 = 0.662 MeV and Co-60 = 1.17 and 1.33 MeV), besides 137Cs is considered as one of long-lived isotopes (T1/2 = 30.5 years). In this part of work, laboratory scale attempts were performed to follow bioaccumulation of Cs-137 and/or Co-60, found separately or together in a mixture of some solid CBW simulates. The process is based on the capability of Pleurotus pulmonarius to biodegrade the solid CBW simulates achieving acceptable weight reduction for the waste as well as reasonable bioaccumulation of the two isotopes from the spiked mixture, within their cells. Up to 134.95 and 41.1 kBq/kg (based on the dry weight of mushroom) were accumulated from Cs-137 and Co-60 respectively within a period of 54±3 days. It is worth mentioning that more than 54% weight reduction percent for the solid CBW simulates was acquired only due to a single cultivation process. Based on the data so far obtained, the bioremediation process for solid CBW based on the P. pulmonarius bioactivity seems to be simple, effective, and economical and can work where the other process cannot be applied.
Key words: Biological treatment, mushroom, Pleurotus spp., cellulosic waste, radiocesium, radiocobalt, gamma irradiation.
Abdel Aziz S. M and El-saayed H, Eskander S. B*
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