ISSN 2736-1756
Short Communication
A study on comparative pharmacological efficacy of Berberis lycium and penicillin G
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-003, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
A study on comparative pharmacological efficacy of Berberis lycium and penicillin G
Ihtisham Bukhari1*, Mukhtiar Hassan1, Fida M. Abbasi1, Ghulam Mujtaba2, Nasir Mahmood3, Noshin1, Anees Fatima1, Muhammad Afzal1, Mujaddad Ur Rehman1, Farzana Perveen1 and M. Tariq Khan1
1Hazara University, Garden Campus Mansehra Pakistan.
2PCR labs INMOL Lahore, Pakistan.
3Department of Allied Health sciences, University of Health sciences Lahore, Pakistan.
Accepted 04 January, 2019
Abstract
The importance of medicinal plants in traditional healthcare practices provides opportunity to new areas of research. However, information on the uses of plants for medicine is lacking from many interior areas of District Mansehra. Keeping this in view, the present study was initiated. This study attempts to shade lights on the comparative pharmacological efficacy of Berberis lycium (medicinal plant) and drug penicillin G. The pharmacological activities of both the B. lycium and penicillin G were determined by disc diffusion method with incubation period of 24 to 48 h at 37°C. It was observed that, B. lycium showed excellent activity against the tested microorganism, Escherichia coli and Proteus (80 to 100%) and good activities against the tested microorganisms pseudomonas and staphylococcus (60 to 70%). While penicillin G showed excellent activity against all tested microorganisms. It is recommended that, B. lycium can be used for the treatment of diseases caused by tested microorganisms because of its excellent and good activity. It is also observed that, B. lycium do not have any adverse effect on those people who have this in long practice.
Key words: Berberis lycium, penicillin G, disc diffusion, pharmacological activity.
Ghulam Mujtaba, Mukhtiar Hassan, Ihtisham Bukhari*, Fida M. Abbasi, Farzana Perveen and M. Tariq Khan, Anees Fatima, Nasir Mahmood, Mujaddad Ur Rehman, Muhammad Afzal, Noshin
Short Communication
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-003, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Short Communication
Detection of Entamoeba histolytica with different methods admitted to the emergency department in diarrheic patients
Ozlem Aycan Kaya1, Hakan Oguzturk2, Muhammet Gokhan Turtay2, U. Nilgun Daldal3
1Çö nük District. Necip Fazil Kisakürek Street/ 4. Ihlamur Building, 2/6- Malatya, Turkey.
2Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey.
3Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey.
Accepted 07 January, 2019
Abstract
Antigen screening were conducted to stool samples from 60 patients admitted to our emergency department with diarrhea complaint between June 2009 and October 2009 by the methods of direct microscopic examination, trichrome staining, ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), respectively. As a result of examination of total 60 samples with direct microscopic, trichrome staining and ELISA method, it was detected positive in 7(11.3%), 6(9.7%) and 8(12.9%) samples, respectively. The presence of Entamoeba histolytica has been accepted exactly in the samples in which ELISA test results were positive and necessary treatment of patients has been started immediately. Due to precise pathogen protozoan discrimination has not been performed with the direct microscopic examination, it was emphasized that unnecessary drug therapy would be prevented as a result of detection of presence of E. histolytica specific antigen by ELISA in the samples sent to the laboratory with the diagnosis of amoebiasis by concerned physician.
Key words: Entamoeba histolytica, diarrhea, diagnosis.
Ozlem Aycan Kaya, Muhammet Gokhan Turtay and U. Nilgun Daldal, Hakan Oguzturk
Research Article
Antimicrobial screening of selected medicinal plants in Tamilnadu, India
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antimicrobial screening of selected medicinal plants in Tamilnadu, India
C. Alagesaboopathi
Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem - 636 007, Tamilnadu, India. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 08 January, 2019
Abstract
The present study deals with the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous, acetone and petroleum ether extracts of the leaves, stem and root of Andrographis ovata Clarke, Aristolochia indica L., Eclipta prostrata L. and Gloriosa superba L., using agar diffusion method against human pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Psudeomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the present investigation, all the extracts were found to be effective against four human bacterial species, E. coli, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, sensitive to all the plant extracts. The study suggests that the extract of the plant parts possesses potential broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of acetone extracts was found to be higher than that of distilled water extracts. However, the root extract showed more inhibitory effect than the stem and leaf extracts.
Key words: Medicinal plants, antimicrobial activity, plant extracts, growth inhibition, disc diffusion method.
C. Alagesaboopathi
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
The effect of red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) extract on the growth of mastitis causing bacterial isolates
Masniari Poeloengan
Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Science Jl. R.E. Martadinata no. 30, P. O. Box 151, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected].
Accepted 18 January, 2019
Abstract
Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) a well known herb that was widely used as a remedy for various ailments in traditional medicine, belonged to the Zingiberaceae family. The red ginger had antibacterial properties. In the face of increasing bacterial resistance to various antibiotics and continuous efforts to look for new and safer antibacterial substances, the objective of this study was to assess the red ginger’s antibacterial potentials for treating-mastitis. Mastitis was a common milking cows’ disease that caused a tremendous economic loss to dairy farms. Several bacteria that is, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus agalactiae were responsible for this loss. To achieve this objective 3 x 4 factorial experiment was implemented. Three bacterial isolates that is, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. agalactiae were tested with the following each concentration of the red ginger extracts that is, 50, 25, 12.50, and 6.25%. The findings were as followed: (1) S. epidermidis was most affected by the red ginger extract, followed by S. aureus and S. agalactiae, (2) the higher the concentration of the red ginger extracts, the higher the bacterial growth inhibition effect, and (3) the growth inhibition effects of the red ginger extracts on S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. agalactiae isolates were highly significantly different at < 0.0001. Therefore, the red ginger the traditional remedy was effective in controlling the three mastitis causing bacteria’s growth.
Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, red ginger, traditional medicine, mastitis.
Masniari Poeloengan
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-008, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Antimicrobial activity and antibiotic resistance of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from Turkish homemade yoghurts
Asli Akpinar, Oktay Yerlikaya* and Sevda Kiliç
Department of Dairy Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, 35100, Bornova – zmir, Turkey.
Accepted 12 January, 2019
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitive effect of 25 Lactobacillus delbruecki ssp. bulgaricus and 16 Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from 30 different homemade yoghurts on several pathogen and contaminant bacteria. The antibiotic resistance of these bacteria was also determined. All of Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, whereas all of S. thermophilus strains exhibited the same activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. None of L. bulgaricus strains were resistant to the polymixin-B, only the OL4 strain has shown resistance to bacitracin. While some strains of S. thermophilus like C6 and SL4 exhibited resistance to novobiocin, SY72, M3, C1M, and F1M were shown to optochin. ET6 and SY73 strains were found to be resistant in both novobiocin and optochin.
Key words: Antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial activity, homemade yoghurt, lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus.
Oktay Yerlikaya* and Sevda Kiliç, Asli Akpinar
Research Article
Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research ISSN 2241-9837 Vol. 13 (1), pp. 001-007, January, 2019. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and associated risk factors for bacteriuria in diabetic women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Eligius F. Lyamuya1, Sabrina John Moyo 1*, Ewaldo V. Komba2 and Martin Haule1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
2Department of Internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Accepted 18 January, 2019
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur frequently among women with diabetes. The present study aimed at determining prevalence and risk factors of bacteriuria in diabetic women and antimicrobial resistance pattern of the isolates at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam. Three hundred diabetic women attending clinic at MNH from June to November 2010 were included in the study. Demographic and clinical information were collected using a structured questionnaire. Urine specimens were collected for urinalysis, microscopy, culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Significant, asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria was found in 13.7% (41/300), 13.4% (31/231), and 14.5% (10/69) diabetic women, respectively. The isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli (39.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.0%), coagulase negative Staphylococci (14.65) and Proteus spp. (12.2%). Both Gram positive and negative bacteria showed high rate of resistance towards co-trimoxazole (55.6% and 50.0%, respectively). Gram negative bacteria showed high rate of resistance to ampicillin (62.55%), penicillin (53.1%) and moderate resistance to cefotaxime (18.8%). Advanced age and glycosuria were significantly associated with bacteriuria (P < 0.05). E. coli was the commonest aetiological agent for both symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria among diabetic women, especially those with advanced age and glycosuria. Most uropathogens were resistant to co-trimoxazole, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin.
Key words: Diabetes mellitus, bacteriuria, antimicrobial resistance.
Eligius F. Lyamuya, Sabrina John Moyo*, Ewaldo V. Komba and Martin Haule