International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 8 (10), pp. 001-007, October, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Phytochemical investigation of the methanol leaves concentrate of Paullinia pinnata linn

*Murutala Adu, Wole Achebe and Shehu Abubakar

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

Accepted 10 February, 2019

Abstract

The aim of this study seeks to investigate the presence of steroids, triterpenes, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones and flavonoids compounds as the possible agent responsible for the medicinal activities of the leaf of the plant Paullinia pinnata and also to carry out phytochemical screening of the dried leaf of the plant, to extract and fractionate the leaf and finally to carry out thin layer chromatography of the different fractions. In the phytochemical investigation of the plant, the powdered leaves was tested positive for steroids, triterpenes, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones and flavonoids. The presence of the constituents was also found to be similar to those reported for most medicinal plants. In East Africa, the leaves are used against snake bites, rabies, mental problems, blindness and eye troubles, together with the roots, against gonorrhoea, paralysis, wounds, threatened abortion, malaria, ancylostomiasis, and to expel placenta. Roots are applied against eczema, as a tonic and as a styptic medicine.

Key words: Paullinia pinnata, phytochemical, chromatography, flavanoids, alkaloids, materials, tests, tannins, extraction, colour, spray, fractionate.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-009, September, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Antibacterial and antifungal screening of concentrates from six Medicinal plants gathered in Kinshasa-Democratic Republic of Congo against clinical detach pathogens

*Antonio Kabila, Augustine Tshombe and Kaumba E. B

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Accepted 20 February, 20119

Abstract

Results from the in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial and antifungal activities of six plant extracts indicated that the aqueous and the methanol extracts of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves and Ageratum conyzoides leaves exhibited good and efficient antifungal activity against Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 31.25 µg/ml and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 62.5 µg/ml) while the methanol extract from Pentaclethra macrophylla inhibited the yeast growth with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of 62.5 and 125 µg/ml respectively. The aqueous extracts from Acalypha wilkesiana, Ageratum conyzoides, Buccholzia tholoniana seeds, Gulboutia demeusei root and the aqueous and methanol extracts from Pentaclecthra macrophylla stem bark showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella thyphimurium, Stahylococcus aureus and Shigella flexneri with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 µg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 125 µg/ml according to the case. These results partly support and justify the traditional use of these plant extracts for treating infections in traditional medicine.

Key words: Plant extracts, antibacterial, antifungal, infections.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 8 (9), pp. 001-013, September, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Phytochemical and phytotherapeutic assessment of Mallotus peltatus (Geist.) Muell. Arg. var acuminatus, India

*Atiur Choudhury, Munier Huseyn and Muhammed Shaheed

Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Accepted 27 March, 2019

Abstract

We have evaluated the phytochemical and bioactive nature of the leaves of Mallotus peltatus (Geist.) Muell. Arg. var acuminatus and Alstonia macrophylla Wall ex A. DC, the two major ethno medicines of the Onge, Nicobarese and other tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, on the Bay of Bengal, India. Three major compounds were isolated from the polar fractions of the methanol extracts of A. macrophylla leaf namely -sitosterol (fraction A), ursolic acid (fraction B) and -sitosterol -D-glucoside (fraction C), along with a minor fraction containing alkaloid and fatty acids. On the other hand polar fractions of methanol extract of M. peltatus leaf yielded two major compounds, ursolic acid (fraction A) and -sitosterol (fraction B), along with a minor fraction containing fatty acids. The earlier studies reveal that both the extracts have antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities, but the present study showed that the activities are due to fractions A and B of both the plants. Moreover, the extracts of both the plants had significant dose dependent antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity at nontoxic concentrations. It can be thus concluded that the terpenoid and - sitosterol, along with other minor constituent of the bioactive parts had a dose dependent therapeutic efficacy, justifying their use. However, further study can help to elucidate their mechanism of action.

Key words: Ethnomedicine, Alstonia macrophylla, Mallotus peltatus, pharmacology and phytochemistry, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory activity.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-005, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Pharmacology and phytochemistry of Coccinia Indica

*Zafir Zahid, Moudud Fazlul and Mohammed Karim

Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Accepted 21 January, 2019

Abstract

COCCINIA INDICA (Bimba, kanduri, Cucurbitaceae) is famous for its hypoglycemic and antidiabetic properties in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Other applications include the therapy of various conditions such as skin diseases and gonorrhoea. The present review highlights the phytochemistry and pharmacology of COCCINIA INDICA. There are many patented formulations derived from C. INDICA which are now distributed increasingly all over the world. This has given rise to a concomitant increase in research on the phytochemical constituents and biological activity of C. INDICA.

Key words: Coccinia indica, hypoglycemic, antidiabetic, saponins, terpenoids, sterol.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 8 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Mikania cordata (Asteraceae) leaves

*Zainul D. Karim, Shamsur E. A and Tahmima Ali

Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Accepted 04 January, 2019

Abstract

The ethanol extract of the dried leaves of Mikania cordata (Family-Asteraceae) was investigated for its possible bioactive chemical groups and antinociceptive, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities in animal models. The extract produced significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice at the oral dose of 125 and 250 mg/kg body weight (p<0.001) comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. The crude extract produced the moderate cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp Artemia salina (LC₅₀=90 and LC₉₀=166 µg/ml). The extract showed antibacterial activity against some types of microorganisms upon which the extract was employed. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation.

Key words: Antimicrobial, antinociceptive, asteraceae, cytotoxic, Mikania cordata.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 8 (7), pp. 001-006, July, 2019. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Efficient pharmacognostical, phytochemical and pharmacological survey on Basella alba L. An ethno therapeutic plant

*Kishore Subhas, Mohan Kapoor and Akshay R. P

Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India.

Accepted 21 April, 2019

Abstract

The ethno medicinal plant Basella alba belongs to the family Basellaceae, and commonly known as malabar spinach, indian spinach, ceylon spinach and vine spinach. Although it has been reported in ancient systems of medicine, it did not gain much importance and has always remained controversial. It has been found to be a good source of calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C. In the Indian system of medicine, the plant has immense potential in androgenic activity, antiulcer activity, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity, nephroprotective and wound healing properties etc. The present is therefore, an effort to give a detailed survey of literature on pharmacognostical, phytochemical, ethnopharmacology as well as the pharmacological activities of the plant.

Key words: Nephroprotective, cytotoxic, androgenic, antiulcer activity, antioxidant, spinach.