International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 9 (6), pp. 001-003, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Ethil-cyanoacrylate use for skin closure in patients subjected  to  laparoscopic cholecystectomy

*Carlos Henrique Marques dos Santos, Lenin Lima Rodrigues,  Fernando Bezerra Márcio Matos

*Associate Professor of Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul1, Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul2,3

Accepted 12 April 2020

Abstract

One of the main factors limiting the use of cyanoacrylate is its high cost. Despite the relatively small amount of literature on this subject, we have been able to demonstrate their safe use in skin closure. Objective: To compare the cyanoacrylate adhesive with the usual techniques of skin closure with surgical thread, assessing its final aesthetic effect and possible complications. Materials And Methods: We studied 126 patients from the Department of General Surgery, Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul in the period from February to October 2009. All patients were randomized immediately before starting the surgery and were divided into two groups: Group 1: 64 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and skin closure with surgical thread - Group 2: 62 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and skin closure with cyanoacrylate adhesive low cost - Superbonder ®. Results: We evaluated 126 patients, mostly female (N = 113).The mean age was 45 years, ranging between 19 and 83 years. Only group 1 had infection (N = 3) and dehiscence (n = 1) surgical wound. Group 2 had 2 cases of seroma versus 1 patient in group 1. The operative time was shorter in group 2 - on average 80.9 minutes versus 94.14 minutes in group 1. Conclusion: The use of ethyl cyanoacrylate (Superbonder ®) had lower rates of infection and wound dehiscence when compared to with nylon 4-0, in addition to shorter operative time. Costs were higher, but still within the acceptable, which makes this a good choice for adhesive skin closure in laparoscopic surgery elective.

Keywords: cyanoacrylates, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, sutures, skin.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 9 (6), pp. 001-007, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

The effect of aqueous seed extract of persea americana (avocado pear) on serum lipid and cholesterol levels in rabbits

*¹Nwaoguikpe. R . N and ²Braide. W

¹Medical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, P. M.B.1526, Owerri, Nigeria

²Department of Industrial Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

Accepted 21 March 2020

Abstract

The research work focused on the effect of aqueous extract of the seed of Persea americana (Avocado) on the cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins levels in the blood of rabbits. A total of thirty rabbits were used of ten in each of groups A, B and C. Group A served as control. The test groups (B and C) were fed ad libitum with starter finish before and after administration of the extracts (w/w) by intubation. Two concentrations of the extracts of 100mg/kg body weight and 200mg/kg bodyweight were administered to groups B and C animals respectively. After two months of feeding, the animals were sacrificed and their serum samples used for the various determinations.. Results showed that for cholesterol, the mean cholesterol levels for the control group A and test groups B and C were: 1.54±0.07, 1.30±0.06 and 0.93±0.03 mmol/L respectively. The triglyceride concentrations were as follows: 1.69±0.03, 0.96±0.1 and 0.65±0.02 mmol/L. For the low density lipoprotein (LDL), the values were: 0.84±012, 0.81±0.02and 0.72±0.01mmol/L.The total lipid concentrations were as follows: 4.01±0.01, 2.62±0.00 and 2.40±0.01mmol/L.Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of the following and values expressed in percentage (%): tannins 21.66±0.0, saponins 51.0±0.0,flavonoids 21.0±0.0, alkaloids 9.43±0.2 and cyanogens glycosides 4.86±0.10 mg . The result of this work shows that the extract of the seed of Persea americana reduced the cholesterol, triglyceride, the LDL cholesterol and the total lipid levels significantly in the sera of the test animal and the effect of the extract was concentration dependent. Moreover, this seed often thrown away as waste, may prove to be an effective remedy for the management of atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and other abnormalities of lipid metabolism in humans. The extract of Persea americana could be of immense therapeutic relevance in the management of hypertension and other cardiovascular episodes.

Key words:  Aqueous seed extract, Persea americana , hypercholesterolemia , hypertension.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 9 (6), pp. 001-006, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effect of crude extracts of blighia unijugata on histology of the liver and kidney of adult wistar rats

¹Aquaisua N. Aquaisua, ²Rosemary B. Bassey*, ³Bassey M. Ikpeme, ⁴Enobong I. Bassey

¹Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo – Nigeria,

²Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo – Nigeria*,

³Department of Community Medicine, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar – Nigeria,

⁴Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo – Nigeria.

Accepted 22 March 2020

Abstract

Reports have been made that the ingestion of unripe Blighia sapida (ackee) fruits may be responsible for poisoning resulting in a substantial number of unexplained deaths. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Blighia unijugata, a sister specie of Blighia sapida on the histology of the liver and kidney. Twenty male rats were divided randomly into four groups of five rats each. Group 1, the control received daily oral dose of distilled water. Group 2, 3 and 4 were administered 424 mg/kg, 849 mg/kg and 1273 mg/kg of Blighia Unijugata respectively for 4 weeks. Phytochemical screening of Blighia Unijugata was done. Weekly body weight of the rats was taken throughout the duration of this experiment. The organs were processed for histology. The preliminary phytochemical screening of Blighia unijugata extract showed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones. There was a statistically significant increase in the body weight of animals in control group and in the animals dosed with 849 mg/kg BU. No histopathological changes were observed in the liver and kidney when compared to control. Therefore, Blighia unijugata is not toxic to the liver and kidney of Wistar rats.

KEY WORDS: Blighia unijugata, Toxicity, Liver, kidney

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 9 (6), pp. 001-005, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Inactivated autogenous vaccine associated with hemotherapy and application of Thuya occidentalis in the homeopathic treatment of canine oral papillomatosis - a case report

Dra. Rachel Siqueira de  Queiroz Simões Marins^1*

Molecular Virology Laboratory, Virology Department, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,  E-mail: [email protected]

Accepted 14 March, 2020

Abstract

Oral mucosal tropism also has been documented in humans, canines, primates and wild mammals. The effectiveness of combined therapy has shown greater success in the treatment of cutaneous papillomatosis and oral mucosal lesions. Autogenous vaccine, homeopathy and immunotherapy have been employed in the treatment of the cutaneous lesions and oral mucosal papillomatosis in different species. In the present study, we reported about papillomavirus clinical infection in canines. Based in the clinical analysis, the surgical removal from warts lesions biopsies on the oral mucosal of the canines was carried out. Oral biopsy specimens were confirmed papilloma by the histological examination and the canines were treated by electrocautery. One of them, showed warts again and association of therapy was indicated. Inactivated autogenous vaccine derived from fresh warts, immunotherapy and homeopathy with Thuya occidentalis by orally was applied. The regression of warts was observed after the application of combined treatment and the animal presented no new injuries during the two years of monitoring the clinic case.

Keywords: canine papillomavirus, oral mucosa lesions, homeopathy, hemotherapy, autogenous vaccine.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 9 (6), pp. 001-005, June, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Clinicopathologic and epithelial regression study in cutaneous warts of bovines infected by papillomavirus

Rachel Siqueira de Queiroz Simões Marins^1*; Prof. Carlos Eurico Pires Ferreira²

¹Molecular Virology Laboratory, Virology Department, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,

²PhD. Microbiology, Animal Health Laboratory, Vet Hospital, State of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Accepted 21 March, 2020

Abstract

Multiple tumor samples were collected from 32 bovines (BOS TAURUS TAURUS x BOS TAURUS INDICUS), of both sexes, bearers of pedunculated cutaneous flat and/or mixed papillomatosis. The samples were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin solution and submitted to histothecnique by inclusion in paraffin for hystopatologic analysis and used in the preparation of an autogenous inactivated vaccine for treatment. The objective of the present work is to show the clinical pathological finding and the classic cytomorphologic alterations associated with the infection of bovine papillomavirus and to accompany the epithelial lesion regression after three doses of vaccine. This vaccine program applied was effective not presenting any new injury in the 16 animals vaccined after the experimental period.

KEY WORDS: papillomavirus infection, bovine cutaneous papillomatosis, cytomorphologic alterations, clinicopathologic findings and vaccine.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN: 2326-7267 Vol. 9 (5), pp. 001-009, May, 2020. © International Scholars Journals

Review

Antitubercular drug discovery: the molecular modification as promise tool

Luiz Antonio Dutra¹, Thais Regina Ferreira de Melo¹, Chung Man Chin¹, Jean Leandro dos Santos¹

Lapdesf–Laboratório de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Departamento de Fármacos e

Medicamentos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas – Universidade Estadual Paulista–UNESP,

Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km. 01, 14801-902, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.

Accepted 05 December, 2019

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by etiologic agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. “It has been reported that rates of incidence is increasing and each year around 8.9-9.9 million new cases are detected”. The current TB therapy presents several problems such as long-term therapy, drug resistance, no-compliance to therapy and few therapeutic sources to treat the disease. The discovery of new drugs safer and more efficient is urgent. The molecular modification is an important tool that allows discovering new compounds that can be win these challenges. In this work, we summarize the main strategies useful to obtain a new anti-tubercular drug.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; antitubercular drugs; new drugs; molecular modification.